The Effect of Corn and Wheat Glutens Fed to Lambs on Some Microbial and Chemical Properties of Musculus Longismus Dorsi and Determination of Intramuscular and Tail Fatty Acid Profile

GELEN, SEVDA URÇAR; İMİK, AYBUKE; KARA, KANBER; CAN, MAZHAR B.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202420231255

Brasil

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ANIMAL SCIENCE • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 96 (suppl 1) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231255 linkcopy

The Effect of Corn and Wheat Glutens Fed to Lambs on Some Microbial and Chemical Properties of Musculus Longismus Dorsi and Determination of Intramuscular and Tail Fatty Acid Profile

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study examined the effects of wheat and corn gluten added to lamb diets as a unilateral protein source on some microbial and chemical properties of Musculus Longismus dorsi (LD), determination of intramuscular and tail fat profile. It was found that TBARS levels in LD muscle on the days of storage were highest in the wheat gluten-treated groups (p<0.01). It was found that the changes in pH values in LD muscle were different on days (p<0.05). It was found that the change of L*, a ve b values on days differed between groups during the storage period (p<0.05). It was found that the numbers of TMAB, Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and TPAB changed significantly (p<0.05) during the storage process. While a significant difference was found between the MUFA levels of dorsal muscle intramuscular adipose tissue of the groups (p<0.05). As a result, it was determined that the metabolic differences of the one-way protein sources fed to the lambs in the digestive system and other organs had an effect on the meat quality, intramuscular fat and fatty acid profile of the tail.

Key words Musculus Longismus dorsi; meat quality; fatty acid; MUFA; PUFA

Ingredients, %	Groups
Ingredients, %	Control ¹	BG ²	MG ³
Barley	60	52.5	60
Soybean meal	15.93	-	-
Rice Bran	10	-	-
Safflower Pulp	7.47	-	-
Wheat	-	30	-
Corn	-	-	18.22
Corn Gluten	-	-	14.78
Wheat Gluten	-	10.3	-
Molasses	3	3	3
Marble dust	2.4	1.65	2.35
DCP 18	-	1.51	0.96
Soy oil	0.6	0.33	-
Salt	0.3	0.3	0.31
Ammonium chloride	0.2	0.3	0.28
Vitamin-Mineral⁴	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nutrient composition
Crude protein, %	17	17	17
Metabolisable energy, (kcal/kg)	2700	2700	2700

DAYS	GROUPS	TMAB	Enterobacteriaceae	Lactobacillus spp.	Micrococcus/ Staphylococcus	Pseudomonas spp.	TPAB
1	Control	3.11±0.05	2.20±0.09	3.02±0.08	3.21±0.27	1.25±0.25	2.50±0.29
	Wheat Gluten	3.42±0.05	2.02±0.11	2.93±0.32	3.59±0.22	1.99±0.21	3.17±0.03
	Corn Gluten	3.28±0.12	1.95±0.26	2.56±0.24	3.33±0.13	1.49±0.17	2.24±0.09
3	Control	3.15±0.03b	2.37±0.16b	3.02±0.08	3.21±0.27	2.00±0.00b	3.00±0.00
	Wheat Gluten	3.44±0.03a	2.19±0.07b	2.93±0.32	3.59±0.08	2.62±0.13a	3.17±0.28
	Corn Gluten	3.41±0.09a	2.97±0.12a	3.59±0.15	3.81±0.23	2.61±0.15a	2.73±0.28
5	Control	3.44±0.09	2.41±0.27	3.03±0.03b	3.39±0.08	2.25±0.25b	3.25±0.25
	Wheat Gluten	3.68±0.31	2.47±0.04	3.55±0.16a	3.60±0.15	3.62±0.13a	3.42±0.11
	Corn Gluten	3.66±0.33	2.36±0.09	3.59±0.15a	3.81±0.23	3.61±0.15a	3.48±0.21
7	Control	4.51±0.17b	2.51±0.13	4.46±0.39	4.73±0.30	3.75±0.25b	4.75±0.48
	Wheat Gluten	5.26±0.07a	3.21±0.32	3.62±0.28	4.79±0.28	4.44±0.13a	5.33±0.14
	Corn Gluten	4.40±0.29b	2.76±0.15	4.11±0.38	4.14±0.29	4.40±0.04a	4.43±0.20
9	Control	6.20±0.08a	2.63±0.32	4.64±0.48	5.34±0.26	4.79±0.26	7.09±0.01
	Wheat Gluten	5.46±0.13b	3.21±0.32	4.64±0.37	4.79±0.29	5.12±0.18	6.28±0.23
	Corn Gluten	5.42±0.09b	3.02±0.14	4.66±0.14	5.48±0.01	5.05±0.02	5.73±0.10
p	Application	0.093	0.205	0.619	0.611	0.000	0.376
	Day	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.418
	*ApplicationDay**	0.001	0.051	0.203	0.059	0.052	0.449

DAYS	GROUPS	Aw	TBARS	pH	L	A	B
1	Control	0.995±0.001	0.35±0.01a	5.79±0.04a	40.33±0.57	18.23±0.65	4.65±0.35
	Wheat Gluten	0.993±0.001	0.35±0.02a	5.69±0.02b	41.65±1.10	15.68±0.32	4.74±0.35
	Corn Gluten	0.995±0.001	0.20±0.02b	5.71±0.01ab	42.12±0.61	16.38±0.22	5.01±0.24
3	Control	0.993±0.001	0.36±0.03	5.71±0.03	42.72±0.52	15.26±0.68	3.74±0.24a
	Wheat Gluten	0.980±0001	0.50±0.06	5.76±0.02	42.14±1.26	15.61±0.24	4.20±0.27a
	Corn Gluten	0.994±0.000	0.43±0.06	5.77±0.06	44.03±0.56	15.23±0.42	2.89±0.18b
5	Control	0.996±0.000	0.60±0.08b	5.79±0.04	40.36±0.87	15.11±0.41	3.70±0.34
	Wheat Gluten	0.993±0.001	1.50±0.09a	5.27±0.37	44.19±0.67	16.20±0.64	4.52±0.35
	Corn Gluten	0.996±0.001	0.64±0.04b	5.71±0.00	42.74±0.49	16.44±0.34	4.53±0.20
7	Control	0.993±0.001	2.19±0.04b	5.69±0.02a	41.81±0.17	16.52±0.57	4.58±0.55
	Wheat Gluten	0.991±0.000	2.45±0.06a	5.71±0.01a	42.37±0.71	16.23±0.61	4.52±0.36
	Corn Gluten	0.993±0.001	1.55±0.09c	5.65±0.01b	40.85±0.75	15.57±0.12	3.46±0.25
9	Control	0.991±0.001	3.04±0.18	5.87±0.08a	40.38±1.42	15.70±0.51	3.49±0.34
	Wheat Gluten	0.995±0.002	2.98±0.12	5.70±0.01b	43.45±0.51	16.44±0.32	4.07±0.27
	Corn Gluten	0.990±0.001	2.62±0.42	5.64±0.01b	43.71±0.85	15.83±0.44	3.96±0.23
p	Application	0.157	0.000	0.074	0.010	0.384	0.078
	Day	0.003	0.000	0.263	0.034	0.424	0.000
	*ApplicationDay**	0.029	0.000	0.102	0.083	0.456	0.033

	Lamb tail fat				Musculus longissimus dorsi
FA	Control	Wheat Gluten	Corn Gluten	p	Control	Wheat Gluten	Corn Gluten	p
MUFA	42.38±0.51	40.52±1.74	41.90±1.41	0.637	44.03±0.17a	40.80±1.00b	42.54±1.02ab	0.047
C14:1	4.45±0.14	4.34±0.24	4.34±0.45	0.953	0.57±0.26	0.43±0.12	0.26±0.05	0.437
C15:1	1.77±0.10b	0.73±0.02c	2.43±0.17a	0.004	0.09±0.05	0.05±0.01	0.05±0.01	0.438
C16:1	2.87±0.02	2.88±0.03	2.78±0.06	0.299	1.98±0.23	2.18±0.19	1.99±0.19	0.730
C17:1	0.06±0.02	0.08±0.01	0.07±0.02	0.650	0.26±0.09a	0.04±0.01b	0.05±0.01b	0.019
C18:1n9t	ND	ND	ND		1.59±0.87	0.73±0.19	0.63±0.29	0.405
C18:1n9c	32.15±0.64	31.56±1.52	31.35±1.95	0.927	39.08±1.62	37.12±1.00	38.82±0.91	0.482
C20:1	0.03±0.01	0.03±0.01	0.02±0.01	0.854	0.27±0.06	0.19±0.04	0.32±0.03	0.141
C22:1n9	0.23±0.04	0.00±0.00	0.10±0.10	0.153	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.40±0.39	0.374
C24:1	0.85±0.01	0.92±0.05	0.83±0.12	0.660	0.18±0.06	0.06±0.02	0.05±0.01	0.059
PUFA	4.61±0.06b	5.80±0.18b	4.36±0.11a	0.008	14.01±0.66	16.77±1.70	14.45±1.48	0.329
C18:2n6t	0.28±0.01b	1.32±0.11a	0.06±0.06b	0.002	0.00±0.00b	0.03±0.01a	0.00±0.00b	0.013
C18:2n6c	3.03±0.12	2.73±0.19	2.76±0.02	0.335	8.40±0.53	10.53±1.13	9.25±0.78	0.236
C18:3n6	0.11±0.01	0.10±0.01	0.13±0.01	0.268	0.60±0.15	0.53±0.04	0.53±0.07	0.856
C18:3n3	0.16±0.06b	0.34±0.03a	0.07±0.02b	0.031	0.19±0.08	0.11±0.01	0.13±0.03	0.474
C20:2	0.07±0.01	0.21±0.16	0.00±0.00	0.385	0.26±0.01	0.39±0.06	0.32±0.06	0.207
C20:3n6	0.55±0.03	0.52±0.02	0.45±0.15	0.719	0.02±0.00	0.03±0.00	0.03±0.01	0.182
C20:3n3	0.00±0.00	0.07±0.01	0.23±0.08	0.082	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.02±0.02	0.391
C20:4n6	0.23±0.03a	0.03±0.03b	0.00±0.00b	0.010	2.12±0.06	2.68±0.25	2.03±0.51	0.350
C22:0	0.00±0.00c	0.11±0.01a	0.08±0.01b	0.001	0.10±0.05	0.02±0.01	0.02±0.01	0.091
C20:5n3	0.03±0.02b	0.02±0.01b	0.10±0.01a	0.027	0.60±0.04	0.78±0.07	0.69±0.07	0.134
C22:6n3	0.17±0.02c	0.37±0.01b	0.50±0.02a	0.001	1.72±0.33	1.68±0.50	1.29±0.38	0.715
SFA	53.02±0.51	53.74±1.50	54.05±1.50	0.816	42.04±0.56	42.43±0.88	43.18±0.97	0.619
C6:0	0.00±0.00c	0.09±0.01b	0.15±0.00a	0.000	0.04±0.03	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.260
C8:0	0.310±0.02c	0.40±0.02b	0.55±0.00a	0.003	0.05±0.02	0.05±0.01	0.04±0.01	0.819
C10:0	0.70±0.27	0.76±0.20	0.68±0.28	0.975	0.28±0.05	0.46±0.08	0.39±0.09	0.254
C11:0	0.64±0.04	0.77±0.04	0.72±0.01	0.108	0.01±0.01	0.01±0.00	0.02±0.01	0.628
C12:0	1.78±0.44	2.94±0.15	2.17±0.03	0.116	0.19±0.05	0.15±0.02	0.17±0.04	0.729
C13:0	1.03±0.05b	1.41±0.07a	1.35±0.01a	0.021	0.00±0.00	0.01±0.00	0.01±0.00	0.112
C14:0	6.53±0.21	6.50±0.05	6.35±0.23	0.776	2.44±0.25	2.84±0.06	3.07±0.57	0.465
C15:0	3.80±0.40	3.66±0.11	3.67±0.22	0.916	1.64±0.48	1.81±0.36	1.38±0.27	0.729
C16:0	21.88±0.43	21.26±1.14	21.82±0.81	0.856	24.73±1.13	23.74±0.45	24.32±1.02	0.746
C17:0	3.83±0.38	3.65±0.25	3.64±0.24	0.884	0.75±0.07b	1.19±0.1a	1.07±0.08ab	0.037
C18:0	12.03±0.20	11.93±0.27	11.98±0.34	0.967	10.64±0.74	11.41±0.72	12.03±0.61	0.388
C20:0	0.42±0.03b	0.09±0.02c	0.79±0.05a	0.002	0.052±0.01	0.087±0.02	0.067±0.01	0.224
C21:0	0.01±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.05±0.01	0.192	0.26±0.01	0.39±0.06	0.32±0.06	0.207
C23:0	0.02±0.01b	0.15±0.01a	0.01±0.00b	0.001	0.90±0.43	0.29±0.03	0.25±0.04	0.150
C24:0	0.07±0.01	0.10±0.00	0.03±0.03	0.143	0.02±0.01a	0.01±0.00b	0.01±0.00b	0.018
ω-3	0.35±0.09b	0.79±0.00a	0.90±0.08a	0.019	2.51±0.41	2.57±0.51	2.04±0.38	0.647
ω-6	4.26±0.14a	5.01±0.18a	3.47±0.19b	0.017	11.50±0.43	14.21±1.43	12.08±1.25	0.234
ω-9	36.85±0.46	35.92±1.75	35.80±1.40	0.838	41.51±0.46	38.46±1.06	40.40±1.04	0.082
ω-3/ ω-6	0.08±0.02b	0.16±0.01ab	0.26±0.04a	0.032	0.22±0.04	0.18±0.04	0.08±0.04	0.056

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[tfnI] ¹ Control: Control group. ² BG: Wheat group. ³ MG: Corn group. ⁴ The vitamin & mineral premix provided the following (per kg): 13.000.000 IU vitamin A, 4.000.000 IU vitamin D3, 25.000 mg vitamin E, 10.000 mg vitamin B2, 4.000 mg vitamin B1, 12 mg vitamin B12, 20.000 mg Niacin, 80.000 mg Mn, 30.000 mg Fe, 80.000 mg Zn, 300 mg Co, 2.000 mg I, 300 mg Se, 50.000 mg Mg.