Hematological and biochemical alterations in female dogs with mammary cancer and inflammatory carcinoma

Oliveira, M.R.; Carneiro, R.A.; Nunes, F.C.; Teixeira, S.V.; Vieira, T.C.; Lavalle, G.E.; Cassali, G.D.

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-12471

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Veterinary Medicine • Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 74 (03) • May-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12471 linkcopy

Hematological and biochemical alterations in female dogs with mammary cancer and inflammatory carcinoma

[Alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas em cadelas com neoplasias mamárias e carcinoma inflamatório]

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Hematological and biochemical alterations in animals with neoplasms may result from the direct effects of tumor growth or paraneoplastic syndromes. The objective of this study was to evaluate these hematological and biochemical alterations in female dogs with mammary tumors and with inflammatory carcinoma (IC). Blood samples were collected from 43 female dogs divided into three groups according to clinical staging: Group 1 (G1) - animals in initial stage (T₁,_2,3N₀M₀, N=17), Group 2 (G2) - animals in advanced stage (T₁,_2,3N₁M_0,1, N=15) and Group 3 (G3) - animals presenting IC (N=11). Hematological and biochemical parameters obtained were related to patients' clinical staging. Among alterations, the most common were anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, monocytosis, increased ALT, AST, and hypoalbuminemia, mainly in dogs in advanced clinical staging and with inflammatory carcinoma.

Keywords: canine; breast cancer; complete blood count; serum biochemistry

Variables	G1	G2	G3	TOTAL
N	17(39,53%)	15(34,88%)	11(25,58%)	43(100%)
Age
mean ± SD	8.76±3.34	11.94±1.94	11.76±3.30	10.82±2.86
Reproductive status
Castrated	0(0%)	6(46.15%)	6(54.55%)	12(29.27%)
Non castrated	17(100%)	7(53.85%)	5(45.45%)	29(70.73%)
Histological type
Carcinoma in mixed tumor	13(76.47%)	3(20%)	0(%)	16(37.21%)
Micropapillary carcinoma	0(0%)	2(13.33%)	6(54.55%)	8(18.60%)
Papillary carcinoma	3(17.65%)	1(6.67%)	2(18.18%)	6(13.95%)
Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma	0(0%)	2(13.33%)	2(18.18%)	4(9.30%)
Solid carcinoma	0(0%)	3(20%)	0(0%)	3(6.98%)
Carcinosarcoma	0(0%)	2(13.33%)	0(%)	2(4.65%)
Malignant adenomyoepithelioma	1(5.88%)	1(6.66%)	0(%)	2(4.65%)
Cribriform carcinoma	0(0%)	0(%)	1(9.09%)	1(2.32%)
Osteosarcoma	0(%)	1(6.67%)	0(%)	1(2.32%)

Parameter	G1	G2	G3	Reference Interval (*Jain et al., 1993*)
Hematocrit	43.6±6.7	36.4±8.7	32.5±6.3	37-55 (%)
HGB	15.2±2.3	13.0±3.6	10.7±2.6	12-18 (g/dL)
RBC	6.6±0.9	5.5±1.4	4.8±1.0	5.5-8.5 (10⁶/µL)
MCV	66.6±5.3	66.8±4.4	68.4±4.6	60-77 (fL)
MCHC	34.4±3.1	35.4±2.7	32.8±2.4	31-36 (g/dL)
MCH	23.7±3.1	23.6±2.4	22.4±1.7	19-24.5 (pg)
RDW	13.5±1.2	12.8±1.0	14.6±2.3	12-15 (%)
WBC	9,1±3.2	18.9±9.6	25.8±22.7	6-17 (x10³/µL)
Neutrophils	6761±2490	15825±8677	21546±7958	3-11.5 (x10³/µL)
Band Neutrophils	27.1±56.2	117.4±259.0	668.9±1710.9	0-300 (/µL)
Lymphocytes	1423±895	1486±1006	1269±993	1000-4800 (/µL)
Monocytes	452±238	915±902	1895±2284	150-1350 (µL)
Eosinophils	443±346	318±476	356±506	100-1250 (/µL)
Platelets	324±132	385±343	256±265	200-500 (x10³/µL)

Parameter	G1	G2	G3	Reference Interval (*Kaneko et al., 1997*)
ALT	55.8±32.1	175.5±229.6	74.2±47.4	0-110(U/L)
AST	30.6±10.3	779.9±205.7	1348.6±436.6	0-100(U/L)
ALP	61.7±63.2	39.2±26.2	115.0±156.9	20-156(U/L)
Urea	32.8±8.8	42.4±33.3	47.9±52.5	20-56(mg/dL)
Creatinine	0.9±0.2	0.83±0.27	1.21±0.55	0.5-1.5(mg/dL)
Total Protein	6.7±1.4	6.3±0.8	5.9±1.0	5.4-7.5(g/dL)
Albumine	3.0±0.5	2.3±0.5	2.6±0.6	2.3-3.1(g/dL)
Globulin	3.8±1.6	4.1±1.0	3.3±1.1	2.7-4.4(g/dL)

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