Bereitschaftspotential preceding eyelid blinks in Parkinson’s disease

Mota, Isabella Araújo; Coriolano, Maria das Graças; Lins, Otávio Gomes

doi:10.1590/0004-282X20170109

Isabella Araújo Mota

Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley, Ambulatório de Neurologia, João Pessoa PB, Brasil;

Maria das Graças Coriolano

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Anatomia, Recife PE, Brasil;

Otávio Gomes Lins

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Recife PE, Brasil.

Correspondence: Isabella Araújo Mota Fernandes; BR 230, Km 10, Condomínio Villas do Atlântico, casa 3B; 58310-000 Cabedelo PB, Brasil; E-mail: isabella_mota@yahoo.com.br

Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures (3)
Tables (3)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Grand average of the bereitschaftspotential of the Parkinson’s disease patients during the off phase (dashed line) and on phase (solid line) of medication at all electrode positions.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Analysis of the amplitudes of the bereitschaftspotential of the Parkinson’s disease patients at C3, Cz and C4 electrodes measured -1800, -500 and 0 ms before the onset of the blink potentials. The waveforms and measurement times are shown on the top of the figure. Amplitudes were averaged within a segment of 100 ms centered on the latency to be measured (vertical gray shadows). The means and standard deviations of the amplitudes at each electrode, condition and time-point are illustrated at the bottom of the figure.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Analysis of the amplitudes of the bereitschaftspotential of the Parkinson’s disease patients (grand average of all recordings during the off phase and the on phase) and the normal controls at C3, Cz and C4 electrodes measured -1800, -500 and 0 ms before the onset of the blink potentials. The waveforms and measurement times are shown on the top of the figure. Amplitudes were averaged within a segment of 100ms centered on the latency to be measured (vertical gray shadows). The means and standard deviations of the amplitudes at each electrode, condition and time-point are illustrated at the bottom of the figure. Different scales were used for the PD patients (right side) and the normal controls (left side).

Thumbnail

Table 1
Some characteristics of the studied Parkinson’s disease patients.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Factorial repeated-measurement analysis of variance of the amplitudes of the bereitschaftspotential of the Parkinson’s disease patients, with three repeated measurements: condition (off and on medication), time (-1800, -500 and 0ms, relative to the onset of the blink potential) and electrode (C3, Cz and C4).

Thumbnail

Table 3
Factorial mixed-model analysis of variance of the amplitudes of the bereitschaftspotential of the Parkinson’s disease patients and normal controls: Group (PD patients and normal controls) and two repeated measures: time (-1800, -500 e 0 ms, relative to the onset of the blink potential) and electrode (C3, Cz and C4).

Initials	Sex	Age	TD	H&Y	UPDRS II	UPDRS III	UPDRS T	MMSE
AC	M	43	8	3	9	14	23	29
EL	M	44	3	1	10	29	39	25
DA	M	48	6	1	10	15	25	30
SF	F	52	2	1	10	24	34	26
JF	M	58	4	1	12	30	42	27
CE	M	53	5	2	19	90	109	30
MA	M	61	3	1	11	29	40	30
AJ	M	61	5	1	5	20	25	30
EV	M	68	1	2	8	35	43	24
JQ	M	78	4	1	5	7	12	30

Variable	SS	df	MS	F	p
Intercept	11.706	1	11.706	12.145	0.007
Error	8.675	9	0.964
Condition	0.212	1	0.212	0.284	0.607
Error	6.716	9	0.746
Time	9.552	2	4.776	7.072	0.005*
Error	12.157	18	0.676
Electrode	0.063	2	0.032	0.099	0.906
Error	5.730	18	0.318
Condition × time	0.260	2	0.130	0.275	0.762
Error	8.494	18	0.472
Condition × electrode	0.021	2	0.010	0.207	0.815
Error	0.8900	18	0.049
Time × electrode	0.064	4	0.016	0.176	0.950
Error	3.293	36	0.092
Condition × time × electrode	0.018	4	0.005	0.063	0.992
Error	2.534	36	0.070
Newman-Keuls test of the main effect TIME
-1800 ms × 0 ms					0.005*
-1800 ms × -500 ms					0.024*
-500 ms × 0 ms					0.233

Variable	SS	Df	MS	F	p*
Intercept	227.770	1	227.770	10.379	0.004*
Group	128.687	1	128.687	5.864	0.024*
Error	504.716	23	21.944
Time	134.349	2	67.175	7.847	0.001*
Time × group	74.475	2	37.238	4.350	0.019*
Error	393.785	46	8.561
Electrode	9.394	2	4.697	2.296	0.112*
Electrode × group	9.731	2	4.866	2.379	0.104*
Error	94.087	46	2.045
Time × electrode	2.860	4	0.715	1.244	0.298*
Time × electrode × group	2.665	4	0.666	1.159	0.334*
Error	52.878	92	0.5748
Newman-Keuls test of the interaction time × group
Parkinson × Control at -1800 ms					0.902
Parkinson × Control at -500 ms					0.033*
Parkinson × Control at 0 ms					0.012*

[TFN1] M: male; F: female; TD: time of disease; HY: Hoehn and Yahr scale; UPDRS: unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale; MMSE: mini–mental state examination. Age and TD in years.

Bereitschaftspotential preceding eyelid blinks in Parkinson’s disease

Potencial de Bereitschafts precedendo o piscamento ocular na doença de Parkinson

ABSTRACT

Initials	Sex	Age	TD	H&Y	UPDRS II	UPDRS III	UPDRS T	MMSE
AC	M	43	8	3	9	14	23	29
EL	M	44	3	1	10	29	39	25
DA	M	48	6	1	10	15	25	30
SF	F	52	2	1	10	24	34	26
JF	M	58	4	1	12	30	42	27
CE	M	53	5	2	19	90	109	30
MA	M	61	3	1	11	29	40	30
AJ	M	61	5	1	5	20	25	30
EV	M	68	1	2	8	35	43	24
JQ	M	78	4	1	5	7	12	30

Initials	Sex	Age	TD	H&Y	UPDRS II	UPDRS III	UPDRS T	MMSE
AC	M	43	8	3	9	14	23	29
EL	M	44	3	1	10	29	39	25
DA	M	48	6	1	10	15	25	30
SF	F	52	2	1	10	24	34	26
JF	M	58	4	1	12	30	42	27
CE	M	53	5	2	19	90	109	30
MA	M	61	3	1	11	29	40	30
AJ	M	61	5	1	5	20	25	30
EV	M	68	1	2	8	35	43	24
JQ	M	78	4	1	5	7	12	30

Initials	Sex	Age	TD	H&Y	UPDRS II	UPDRS III	UPDRS T	MMSE
AC	M	43	8	3	9	14	23	29
EL	M	44	3	1	10	29	39	25
DA	M	48	6	1	10	15	25	30
SF	F	52	2	1	10	24	34	26
JF	M	58	4	1	12	30	42	27
CE	M	53	5	2	19	90	109	30
MA	M	61	3	1	11	29	40	30
AJ	M	61	5	1	5	20	25	30
EV	M	68	1	2	8	35	43	24
JQ	M	78	4	1	5	7	12	30