Avaliação nutricional, energia metabolizável e conteúdo de aminoácidos digestíveis de diferentes alimentos indígenas para tilápia do Nilo (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>)

Bibi, F.; Qaisrani, S. N.; Akhtar, M.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.216198

Brasil

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Original Article • Braz. J. Biol. 81 (1) • Jan-Feb 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.216198 linkcopiar

Avaliação nutricional, energia metabolizável e conteúdo de aminoácidos digestíveis de diferentes alimentos indígenas para tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Três experimentos foram executados para examinar o perfil nutritivo, a energia metabolizável e o conteúdo de aminoácidos digestíveis (AA) de quatro ingredientes alimentícios, incluindo trigo (W), farelo de trigo (WM), farelo de canola (CM) e farelo de colza (RSM) em tilápia do Nilo. Três amostras de cada ingrediente do teste foram coletadas de dois locais diferentes (Multan (MUL) e Sukkar (SKR), do Paquistão) e assim agrupadas. A composição nutricional, AA e digestibilidade energética desses ingredientes indígenas foram avaliadas por meio de análises laboratoriais e estudos de peixes. A análise imediata indicou variações (p <0,05) em alguns dos nutrientes devido à localização. Variações (p <0,05) também foram observadas em alguns teores de AA desses ingredientes. A digestibilidade da leucina, glicina e ácido glutâmico foi maior (p <0,05) em RSM de MUL. Entre as amostras de W da MUL, a digestibilidade de AA para Lys, Thr e Asp foi maior (p <0,05). Proteína Crud, arginina, alanina, serina e ácido aspártico apresentaram maior digestibilidade (p <0,05), e menor (p <0,05) para treonina, valina e tirosina em MRS. Nenhuma diferença (p> 0,05) relacionada a energia metabolizável foi observada entre esses ingredientes em relação à sua origem. Os resultados indicaram que os perfis nutricionais e sua digestibilidade variam com a localização.

Palavras-chave: ingredientes indígenas; aminoácidos; energia; digestibilidade; tilápia do Nilo

Ingredients (%)	RD	W (MUL)	W (SKR)	WM (MUL)	WM (SKR)
SBM	60.0	39.0	39.0	39.0	39.0
Corn	28.0	19.0	19.0	19.0	19.0
Wheat	0.00	30.0	30.0	0.00	0.00
Wheat Middling	0.00	0.00	0.00	30.0	30.0
Oil	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
Premix	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
DCP	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

Ingredients (%)	RD	W (MUL)	W (SKR)	WM (MUL)	WM (SKR)
SBM	55.5	36.39	36.39	36.39	36.39
Corn	35.0	24.1	24.1	24.1	24.1
Wheat	0.00	30.0	30.0	00.0	0.00
Wheat Middling	0.00	0.00	0.00	30.00	30.0
Oil	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
Choline	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Salt	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Premix	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

Ingredients (%)	RD	CM (MUL)	CM (SKR)	RSM (MUL)	RSM (SKR)
SBM	55.5	36.39	36.39	36.39	36.39
Corn	34.9	24.1	24.1	24.1	24.1
Wheat	0.00	30.0	30.0	00.0	0.00
Wheat Middling	0.00	0.00	0.00	30.00	30.0
Oil	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
Choline	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Salt	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Premix	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

Item¹	Canola Meal				Rapeseed Meal				Wheat				Wheat Middling
Item¹	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P- value
DM	89.0	90.1	0.3	0.042	89.1	90.7	0.2	0.023	92.3	92.4	0.21	0.24	92.1	92.0	0.11	0.65
CF	12.2	11.7	0.8	0.68	11.9	12.6	0.4	0.22	3.0	3.1	0.08	0.43	3.2	3.3	0.07	0.48
CP	35.2	36.8	0.5	0.036	36.4	37.2	1.1	0.25	11.3	10.1	0.11	0.026	17.3	16.4	0.22	0.036
EE	2.4	3.1	0.7	0.24	1.6	1.4	0.5	0.39	5.3	5.4	0.12	0.64	9.3	9.2	0.11	0.61
Ash	6.9	5.8	0.4	0.021	9.1	8.2	0.2	0.026	1.71	2.21	0.13	0.01	6.6	5.4	0.19	0.01
GE	4100	4250	15.6	0.022	4210	4260	20.8	0.171	4179	4190	12.4	0.36	4390	4430	20.3	0.37

Item	Wheat				Wheat middling
Item	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value
Essential AA
Arginine	4.3	4.7	0.1	0.031	6.1	5.8	0.1	0.027
Isoleucine	3.1	3.2	0.2	0.44	3.0	2.6	0.2	0.32
Leucine	6.2	6.0	0.2	0.39	5.8	5.5	0.2	0.41
Lysine	2.7	3.1	0.1	0.021	3.7	3.5	0.2	0.56
Histidine	2.0	1.9	0.2	0.61	2.2	1.9	0.1	0.033
Methionine	1.5	1.4	0.1	0.53	1.2	1.1	0.2	0.62
Phenylalanine	4.3	4.0	0.2	0.24	3.2	3.0	0.2	0.47
Threonine	2.7	2.8	0.1	0.45	3.1	2.9	0.1	0.32
Valine	4.0	3.9	0.1	0.38	4.2	3.8	0.1	0.02
Nonessential AA
Glycine	3.5	3.3	0.1	0.26	4.5	4.0	0.2	0.017
Alanine	3.2	3.0	0.2	0.71	4.1	3.8	0.2	0.42
Tyrosine	2.4	2.3	0.2	0.85	2.3	2.1	0.1	0.47
Serine	4.4	4.1	0.1	0.04	4.0	3.6	0.1	0.036
Cysteine	1.9	2.3	0.1	0.015	1.8	1.7	0.2	0.72
Glutamic acid	25.6	26.3	0.2	0.030	17.8	16.9	0.2	0.01
Aspartic acid	4.8	5.6	0.1	0.012	6.2	6.0	0.2	0.76

Item¹	Wheat				Wheat Middling
Item¹	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value
Energy	68.9	67.2	1.8	0.45	65.7	67.2	1.4	0.620
CP	94.1	93.4	1.3	0.38	86.4	83.1	1.2	0.031
Essential AA
Arginine	89.1	86.7	1.2	0.86	88.9	85.7	1.2	0.02
Isoleucine	94.2	95.4	1.5	0.35	82.8	84.7	1.5	0.62
Leucine	96.5	96.2	1.3	0.71	84.3	82.1	1.4	0.81
Lysine	93.4	91.8	1.1	0.033	85.7	84.3	1.5	0.93
Histidine	94.8	93.9	1.5	0.45	86.4	87.5	1.2	0.64
Methionine	96.2	95.7	1.8	0.62	84.0	83.5	0.9	0.73
Phenylalanine	95.2	94.8	1.4	0.51	81.3	83.8	1.4	0.80
Threonine	93.4	90.7	1.2	0.010	76.8	80.2	1.3	0.030
Valine	93.4	95.6	1.3	0.47	78.2	83.1	1.5	0.01
Nonessential AA
Glycine	97.2	96.8	1.4	0.56	84.1	82.2	1.3	0.671
Alanine	96.4	97.2	1.7	0.81	81.8	78.2	1.6	0.014
Tyrosine	94.3	95.1	1.5	0.62	80.2	83.1	1.0	0.021
Serine	95.7	96.5	1.6	0.83	85.3	82.1	0.9	0.012
Cysteine	94.5	96.8	1.2	0.67	80.7	79.2	1.2	0.871
Glutamic acid	97.2	95.1	1.4	0.54	90.2	89.7	1.4	0.071
Aspartic acid	96.8	93.1	1.7	0.04	84.3	81.2	1.1	0.034

Item	Canola Meal				Rapeseed Meal
Item	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value
Essential AA
Arginine	6.8	6.4	0.1	0.031	6.1	5.6	0.2	0.67
Histidine	2.8	2.6	0.2	0.68	2.5	2.8	0.2	0.53
Isoleucine	4.3	4.8	0.1	0.041	3.8	3.2	0.3	0.49
Leucine	6.9	7.1	0.2	0.52	6.5	6.1	0.1	0.83
Lysine	5.4	5.2	0.2	0.81	5.3	6.1	0.2	0.59
Methionine	2.4	2.5	0.1	0.75	1.98	2.21	0.1	0.022
Phenylalanine	5.8	5.2	0.1	0.035	5.6	6.2	0.1	0.63
Threonine	4.6	4.4	0.2	0.63	3.9	4.2	0.2	0.49
Valine	5.2	5.0	0.2	0.51	4.7	5.3	0.1	0.031
Nonessential AA
Alanine	4.10	3.98	0.2	0.62	4.2	3.8	0.3	0.43
Aspartate	3.21	3.10	0.1	0.73	2.1	1.9	0.1	0.31
Cysteine	2.43	2.48	0.2	0.81	2.0	2.3	0.2	0.67
Glycine	4.51	4.67	0.1	0.031	4.9	5.2	0.2	0.61
Glutamic acid	6.42	6.18	0.3	0.49	16.5	14.3	0.3	0.021
Serine	4.02	4.23	0.1	0.021	4.1	4.8	0.2	0.010

Item	Canola Meal				Rapeseed Meal
Item	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value	MUL	SKR	SEM	P-value
CP	64.3	66.1	1.5	0.62	61.3	62.8	1.3	0.65
Essential AA
Arginine	90.1	91.5	1.8	0.83	89.5	87.2	1.8	0.73
Histidine	90.4	88.4	2.1	0.89	88.3	87.8	1.6	0.81
Isoleucine	82.3	83.1	1.3	0.54	79.4	77.9	2.3	0.62
Leucine	85.4	85.0	1.1	0.67	84.3	80.1	1.2	0.021
Lysine	84.3	83.7	1.2	0.59	87.5	85.4	2.4	0.43
Methionine	88.4	88.0	0.9	0.72	84.1	83.2	2.0	0.59
Phenylalanine	86.1	85.9	1.8	0.91	80.3	77.9	1.7	0.63
Threonine	85.7	85.2	2.1	0.83	81.8	79.5	2.1	0.83
Valine	81.9	80.8	1.4	0.79	78.9	76.4	1.3	0.71
Nonessential AA
Alanine	85.4	85.1	1.6	0.62	83.4	82.4	2.4	0.65
Aspartate	80.6	78.9	2.3	0.73	82.1	80.7	2.1	0.39
Cysteine	77.8	76.9	1.8	0.77	72.3	70.2	1.5	0.43
Glycine	83.1	82.8	2.7	0.81	80.1	76.1	1.3	0.023
Glutamic acid	90.7	90.1	2.0	0.92	88.5	80.7	2.3	0.015
Serine	84.3	84.0	1.8	0.75	82.7	80.7	1.8	0.72

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[1] RD: reference diet; W: wheat; MUL: Multan; SKR: Sukkur; WM: wheat middling; SMB: soybean meal; DCP: di-calcium phosphate.