Identification of variability for agronomically important traits in rice mutant families

Luz, Viviane Kopp da; Silveira, Solange Ferreira da Silveira; Fonseca, Gabriela Magalhães da; Groli, Eder Licieri; Figueiredo, Ricardo Garcia; Baretta, Diego; Kopp, Mauricio Marini; Magalhães Junior, Ariano Martins de; Maia, Luciano Carlos da; Oliveira, Antonio Costa de

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.283

Brasil

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Plant Breeding • Bragantia 75 (1) • Jan-Mar 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.283 linkcopy

Identification of variability for agronomically important traits in rice mutant families

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The increase of yield potential in new rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties has been a major challenge for genetic improvement. The generation of mutants, followed by their characterization, constitutes a great possibility to isolate and select genes and genotypes that present agronomic traits of interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical mutagen ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on agronomic traits in 340 M₃ families of rice derived from BRS Querência cultivar. Seeds from each family and the original genotype BRS Querência were sown in the experimental field, and the characters main panicle length, main panicle weight, main panicle grain weight, flag leaf width and plant height were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05), and a comparison of means was carried out by Dunnett's test at 5% significance. The results show that there is genetic variability among the mutant families, suggesting that the mutagen EMS at 1.5% is effective for generating mutants for all assessed traits. Among the characters, plant height was the most affected by the mutagen, which provided an increase in the character. For the main panicle length character, seven families showed means above the control; for main panicle weight and grain weight, four and six mutant families were observed, respectively, with a superior performance in comparison to the control.

Key words: Oryza sativa; ethyl methane sulphonate; mutagenic; variability

Source of variation	DF	Mean square
Source of variation	DF	PL	PW	PGW	FLW	PH
Genotypes	340	12.45^* * Significant values at 5% error probability by F-test. DF = Degrees of freedom; PL = Main panicle length (cm); PW = Main panicle weight (g); PGW = Main panicle grain weight (g); FLW = Flag leaf width (cm); PH = Plant height (cm); CV (%) = coefficient of variation.	1.41^* * Significant values at 5% error probability by F-test. DF = Degrees of freedom; PL = Main panicle length (cm); PW = Main panicle weight (g); PGW = Main panicle grain weight (g); FLW = Flag leaf width (cm); PH = Plant height (cm); CV (%) = coefficient of variation.	1.22^* * Significant values at 5% error probability by F-test. DF = Degrees of freedom; PL = Main panicle length (cm); PW = Main panicle weight (g); PGW = Main panicle grain weight (g); FLW = Flag leaf width (cm); PH = Plant height (cm); CV (%) = coefficient of variation.	0.07^* * Significant values at 5% error probability by F-test. DF = Degrees of freedom; PL = Main panicle length (cm); PW = Main panicle weight (g); PGW = Main panicle grain weight (g); FLW = Flag leaf width (cm); PH = Plant height (cm); CV (%) = coefficient of variation.	70.39^* * Significant values at 5% error probability by F-test. DF = Degrees of freedom; PL = Main panicle length (cm); PW = Main panicle weight (g); PGW = Main panicle grain weight (g); FLW = Flag leaf width (cm); PH = Plant height (cm); CV (%) = coefficient of variation.
Residual	1,023	3.97	0.54	0.45	0.03	26.62
Overall mean		24.97	3.20	2.89	1.73	85.16
CV (%)		7.98	22.98	23.33	9.62	6.05

Main panicle length
M₃ families with mean values higher than that of the control BRS Querência
331, 335, 332, 277, 217, 336 and 218
M₃ families with mean values similar to that of the control BRs Querência (24.72 cm)
196, 36, 242, 297, 33, 236, 88, 18, 30, 132, 339, 31, 17, 204, 176, 227, 34, 284, 317, 2, 75, 52, 185, 178, 189, 265, 3, 10, 55, 184, 149, 177, 243, 125, 37, 171, 206, 40, 271, 35, 179, 190, 47, 19, 43, 197, 209, 320, 289, 172, 153, 188, 258, 337, 65, 80, 15, 91, 49, 148, 173, 238, 298, 5, 95, 24, 195, 253, 9, 46, 262, 276, 302, 72, 180, 245, 257, 268, 270, 105, 175, 39, 45, 131, 205, 26, 29, 83, 186, 300, 25, 32, 340, 84, 230, 288, 76, 79, 27, 111, 237, 273, 13, 234, 12, 170, 48, 78, 203, 69, 110, 116, 121, 246, 81, 140, 161, 187, 194, 210, 308, 67, 202, 286, 303, 92, 255, 283, 324, 4, 1, 135, 280, 50, 53, 89, 99, 107, 146, 207, 259, 87, 137, 232, 315, 240, 290, 193, 23, 28, 183, 314, 38, 254, 313, 115, 130, 323, 102, 106, 154, 200, 291, 127, 198, 157, 159, 318, 223, 261, 11, 208, 156, 133, 338, 225, 98, 118, 147, 275, 7, 241, 136, 166, 287, 152, 163, 214, 70, 108, 22, 112, 215, 272, 212, 231, 249, 267, 295, 139, 244, 327, 16, 211, 305, 63, 150, 224, 256, 142, 333, 8, 20, 167, 292, 322, 328, 239, 278, 73, 174, 248, 122, 145, 134, 141, 155, 182, 307, 21, 126, 251, 334, 94, 269, 124, 168, 221, 281, 151, 57, 86, 120, 299, 316, 129, 164, 274, 226, 306, 310, 60, 143, 199, 93, 85, 90, 109, 144, 219, 233, 247, 266, 51, 128, 228, 279, 309, 62, 114, 330, 119, 162, 264, 165, 169, 77, 101, 263, 41, 64, 117, 220, 66, 235, 301, 68, 325, 54, 42, 191, 103, 104, 97, 181, 14, 285, 96, 282, 58, 319, 6, 293, 312, 229, 192, 294, 59, 71, 252, 158, 304, 296, 329, 123, 222, 74, 260, 326, 321, 216, 56, 201, 113, 44, 311, 138, 250, 160, 100, 61 and 82
M₃ family with mean values lower than that of the control BRs Querência
213

Main panicle weight
M₃ families with mean values higher than that of the control BRs Querência
36, 34, 28 and 2
M₃ families with mean values similar to that of the control BRs Querência (3.19 g)
17, 16, 30, 1, 236, 29, 33, 3, 219, 40, 206, 339, 18, 38, 15, 19, 9, 31, 176, 227, 22, 27, 37, 132, 25, 43, 52, 48, 197, 12, 35, 203, 214, 205, 196, 13, 223, 26, 55, 239, 177, 189, 149, 4, 187, 64, 230, 204, 21, 11, 237, 50, 179, 262, 45, 286, 147, 51, 148, 340, 209, 153, 75, 46, 232, 10, 7, 23, 280, 215, 111, 265, 140, 89, 8, 62, 253, 300, 24, 212, 298, 150, 255, 163, 240, 185, 194, 172, 173, 313, 107, 238, 268, 207, 125, 188, 210, 32, 234, 102, 131, 41, 66, 5, 47, 99, 159, 155, 166, 195, 291, 54, 167, 92, 108, 135, 49, 137, 76, 157, 20, 175, 290, 251, 283, 338, 88, 220, 243, 199, 228, 245, 126, 161, 164, 152, 94, 226, 14, 193, 323, 67, 136, 42, 320, 6, 184, 57, 257, 273, 242, 105, 73, 330, 146, 198, 247, 289, 337, 178, 224, 254, 292, 304, 241, 65, 270, 144, 83, 112, 77, 314, 312, 264, 208, 39, 70, 284, 235, 181, 287, 288, 336, 174, 170, 72, 271, 295, 310, 333, 143, 127, 130, 53, 261, 95, 186, 315, 221, 103, 154, 118, 334, 180, 211, 256, 183, 246, 171, 302, 128, 139, 59, 202, 114, 63, 82, 200, 307, 267, 58, 133, 165, 116, 134, 158, 263, 104, 156, 106, 324, 101, 233, 80, 142, 282, 145, 168, 169, 269, 331, 301, 97, 91, 121, 109, 325, 192, 141, 303, 276, 87, 299, 297, 151, 317, 318, 68, 190, 119, 138, 258, 319, 93, 69, 309, 249, 296, 162, 90, 182, 306, 160, 275, 244, 122, 329, 98, 252, 124, 84, 279, 293, 308, 110, 294, 225, 229, 327, 129, 222, 248, 113, 60, 120, 85, 79, 328, 217, 335, 71, 115, 322, 201, 316, 231, 266, 272, 326, 332, 216, 218, 321, 56, 285, 250, 305, 100, 78, 44, 281, 191, 123, 74, 278, 274, 117, 96, 86, 61, 311, 81, 259, 260 and 213
M₃ family with mean values lower than that of the control BRs Querência
277

Main panicle grain weight
M₃ families with mean values higher than that of the control BRS Querência
36, 34, 2, 28, 30 and 17
M₃ families with mean values similar to that of the control BRs Querência (2.89 g)
1, 16, 236, 29, 206, 33, 339, 3, 18, 40, 38, 9, 15, 19, 197, 22, 176, 31, 205, 25, 43, 214, 37, 27, 232, 227, 132, 48, 223, 52, 203, 12, 289, 13, 237, 26, 196, 64, 51, 177, 239, 230, 21, 189, 55, 340, 45, 4, 11, 148, 179, 35, 187, 286, 147, 204, 209, 50, 153, 46, 215, 262, 265, 149, 10, 280, 253, 140, 75, 111, 212, 23, 300, 62, 240, 210, 8, 298, 207, 163, 185, 172, 194, 255, 313, 107, 188, 150, 234, 24, 173, 66, 152, 242, 245, 32, 268, 125, 5, 159, 291, 54, 41, 243, 167, 102, 238, 166, 251, 338, 99, 126, 7, 47, 199, 290, 226, 157, 135, 220, 175, 228, 155, 20, 42, 137, 164, 108, 161, 195, 76, 283, 219, 49, 67, 14, 323, 136, 184, 92, 94, 57, 73, 247, 105, 88, 198, 337, 273, 304, 292, 146, 257, 330, 193, 224, 320, 6, 241, 131, 178, 181, 144, 235, 211, 208, 65, 336, 312, 112, 77, 83, 264, 270, 89, 70, 288, 174, 287, 72, 271, 333, 53, 63, 127, 170, 284, 314, 334, 130, 103, 310, 246, 221, 118, 295, 143, 154, 261, 39, 128, 95, 183, 186, 315, 114, 180, 256, 58, 202, 59, 158, 139, 200, 307, 324, 82, 233, 267, 254, 106, 101, 142, 133, 331, 165, 303, 134, 263, 282, 116, 145, 301, 171, 156, 266, 302, 98, 168, 309, 80, 109, 192, 269, 151, 121, 252, 141, 325, 169, 249, 319, 68, 138, 87, 318, 299, 276, 69, 119, 162, 91, 296, 90, 244, 306, 182, 104, 93, 122, 329, 258, 275, 248, 190, 160, 225, 113, 293, 297, 229, 317, 308, 222, 217, 124, 129, 84, 85, 294, 327, 335, 120, 97, 328, 279, 201, 332, 110, 115, 79, 218, 71, 272, 316, 60, 321, 322, 231, 250, 56, 216, 326, 285, 100, 305, 281, 123, 44, 191, 74, 78, 117, 278, 96, 274, 61, 86, 311, 213, 259, 260, 277 and 81
M₃ family with mean values lower than that of the control BRs Querência
No family had a mean value lower than the control

Flag leaf width
No family had a mean value higher than the control
M₃ families with mean values similar to that of the control BRs Querência (1.67 cm)
46, 86, 93, 112, 9, 89, 139, 183, 129, 130, 196, 280, 17, 30, 47, 52, 79, 88, 102, 133, 178, 190, 236, 45, 48, 53, 58, 80, 91, 92, 105, 115, 122, 125, 137, 174, 177, 184, 185, 187, 336, 15, 29, 36, 64, 83, 87, 101, 103, 109, 111, 119, 168, 189, 206, 221, 227, 238, 245, 254, 313, 10, 25, 34, 39, 54, 66, 114, 124, 127, 132, 172, 180, 186, 195, 224, 260, 271, 16, 27, 28, 40, 43, 55, 82, 85, 94, 95, 98, 107, 108, 120, 141, 148, 149, 166, 203, 230, 243, 297, 1, 18, 22, 31, 35, 37, 42, 49, 50, 65, 69, 77, 99, 104, 126, 134, 146, 173, 179, 182, 202, 255, 262, 263, 298, 2, 12, 21, 26, 62, 68, 78, 84, 121, 123, 135, 152, 163, 171, 175, 228, 265, 270, 286, 287, 290, 295, 268, 3, 5, 8, 19, 23, 24, 41, 97, 110, 117, 118, 142, 144, 145, 161, 169, 170, 176, 194, 208, 209, 223, 226, 233, 246, 251, 256, 267, 274, 281, 315, 317, 7, 11, 32, 33, 38, 57, 59, 71, 72, 106, 131, 136, 138, 153, 165, 188, 214, 215, 237, 249, 258, 261, 273, 276, 288, 300, 305, 308, 314, 4, 20, 56, 113, 116, 156, 159, 200, 204, 205, 219, 235, 275, 277, 291, 306, 67, 70, 90, 96, 100, 150, 157, 167, 232, 244, 252, 283, 284, 285, 296, 302, 304, 310, 318, 324, 326, 73, 81, 147, 154, 162, 211, 241, 250, 259, 301, 307, 312, 338, 76, 128, 151, 155, 191, 197, 198, 199, 201, 218, 239, 240, 247, 266, 269, 279, 292, 293, 320, 322, 325, 60, 63, 207, 220, 222, 229, 231, 248, 257, 303, 311, 319, 330, 337, 6, 13, 61, 140, 158, 289, 294, 299, 323, 340, 14, 75, 164, 192, 193, 212, 282, 335, 216, 217, 234, 242, 316, 328, 332, 339, 210, 264, 331, 253, 272, 278, 333, 334, 321, 327, 309, 51, 181, 329, 74, 160 and 225
M₃ family with mean values lower than that of the control BRs Querência
213, 44 and 143

Plant height
M₃ families with mean values higher than that of the control BRS Querência
33, 9, 36, 43, 26, 39, 47, 25, 48, 23, 17, 19, 46, 230, 11, 15, 29, 20, 37, 31, 40, 22, 45, 2, 5, 16, 52, 212, 223, 3, 24, 42, 84, 196, 12, 21, 34, 53, 66, 6, 7, 28, 262, 1, 8, 145, 18, 115, 41, 13, 178, 179, 4, 162, 204, 207, 222, 236, 60, 118, 205, 92, 202, 291, 259, 56, 215, 30, 287, 298, 283, 35, 38, 243, 177, 313, 10, 14, 51, 234, 255, 256, 307, 129, 188, 227, 297, 320, 143, 182, 140, 147, 271, 295, 104, 149, 172, 221, 245, 246, 263, 267, 272, 150, 315, 27, 32, 50, 132, 168, 218, 268, 301, 304, 314, 161 and 192
M₃ families with mean values similar to that of the control BRs Querência (76.25 cm)
49, 185, 276, 299, 206, 261, 77, 187, 233, 316, 336, 281, 112, 241, 332, 70, 197, 122, 79, 183, 186, 214, 251, 266, 289, 300, 308, 311, 75, 91, 144, 148, 101, 105, 146, 253, 254, 280, 98, 158, 173, 238, 265, 194, 99, 114, 166, 176, 198, 136, 171, 330, 108, 124, 189, 235, 55, 191, 200, 226, 237, 264, 328, 152, 102, 107, 155, 224, 78, 103, 121, 228, 65, 81, 89, 100, 126, 248, 324, 193, 270, 305, 338, 151, 184, 275, 303, 310, 317, 63, 180, 76, 110, 113, 117, 244, 257, 258, 292, 294, 82, 83, 74, 95, 109, 142, 163, 286, 64, 116, 203, 240, 260, 273, 93, 111, 153, 54, 170, 174, 285, 309, 339, 125, 190, 239, 44, 130, 208, 269, 71, 169, 86, 73, 302, 326, 331, 229, 128, 225, 319, 325, 164, 159, 219, 157, 199, 220, 85, 139, 209, 247, 249, 284, 321, 131, 175, 61, 68, 282, 323, 327, 58, 127, 57, 217, 288, 87, 80, 154, 242, 277, 290, 306, 329, 201, 232, 322, 120, 278, 69, 279, 141, 312, 340, 106, 137, 94, 134, 59, 135, 318, 333, 97, 119, 165, 334, 195, 293, 72, 138, 216, 211, 252, 296, 337, 210, 62, 90, 167, 133, 96, 67, 156, 250, 274, 231, 335, 88, 181, 160, 123 and 213
M₃ family with mean values lower than that of the control BRs Querência
No family had a mean value lower than the control

Groups
1	333	334	323	164	282	247	73	292	128	199	220		240	157	338	159
	198	76	155	330	310	325	319	241	269	136	70		151	229	154	57
	312	273	208	194	235	300	63	32	257	193	153		161	200	150	144
	163	99	268	226	251	283	142	261	170	173	188		146	314	244	324
	291	169	306	107	228	290	175	166	288	249	126		108	286	255	233
	270	49	301	315	295	267	116	275	256	307	246		298	287	224	148
	65	68	77	165	172	118	265	248	106	294	71		293	279	285	121
	238	135	59	152	134	127	209	50	263	114	318		111	158	179	10
	95	83	55	303	299	186	105	313	237	141	180		90	94	296	174
	189	109	85	113	201	202	182	221	326	102	101		103	124	145	24
	168	185	243	262	149	125	271	177	98	308	120		245	320	5	215
	92	187	304	162	276	191	8	4	252	322	72		184	305	69	302
	54	137	280	122	130	87	132	204	110	117	258		171	281	192	211
	119	195	227	147	207	176	41	104	203	140	58		53	27	328	35
	183	167	264	12	45	20	18	52	178	112	156		131	139	222	42
	31	230	37	91	316	66	138	284	234	56	100		21	60	97	216
	14	205	3	206	67	80	40	11	214	239	197		337	23	38	13
	75	223	62	6	15	236	19	340	250	321	254		96	309	129	311
	7	84	212	327	61	64	253	78	93	272	26		47	46	79	115
	133	25	48	22	190	29	329	30	231	317	266		260	43	196	39
	210	278	274	74	82	17	33	2	232	1	339		225	9	81	34
	123	297	259	86	242	51	181	36	16	28	88	341 (BRS Querência)
2	331	332	335	217	277
3	44	143	160
4	218	336
5	89	219
6	213
7	289

Variable	S.j	S.j value (%)
Main panicle length	129,199.84	31.07
Main panicle grain weight	80,291.68	19.31
Flag leaf width	79,454.55	19.11
Plant heigth	72,708.77	17.49
Main panicle weight	54,141.17	13.02

Canonical variables	Variances (eigenvalues)	Percentage variances	Cumulative variances
1	1.51	42.11	42.11
2	0.73	20.32	62.43
3	0.64	17.97	80.41
4	0.42	11.78	92.19
5	0.28	7.81	100.00

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Significant values at 5% error probability by F-test. DF = Degrees of freedom; PL = Main panicle length (cm); PW = Main panicle weight (g); PGW = Main panicle grain weight (g); FLW = Flag leaf width (cm); PH = Plant height (cm); CV (%) = coefficient of variation.