Selection to high productivity and stink bugs resistance by multivariate data analyses in soybean

Bermudez, Felipe; Pinheiro, José Baldin

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.20190380

Brasil

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PLANT BREEDING • Bragantia 79 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20190380 linkcopy

Selection to high productivity and stink bugs resistance by multivariate data analyses in soybean

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Stink bugs that affect soybeans are responsible for significant losses in seed production, quality and germination potential, in addition to hindering the mechanized harvest. To develop insect resistant materials, the breeder can compile a selection index by factor analysis. Therefore, the objective of this work was to validate the use of factor analysis, by means of its estimated gains, for the selection of highly productive and stink bugs resistant genotypes in two soybean segregating populations. For this, the phenotypic evaluation was performed in the generation F_2:3, in two distinct experiments, being the populations from the crosses between IAC-100 × PI 295952 and IAC-100 × PI 306712. The experiments were installed in an 18 × 9 alpha-lattice design, with three replicates for each population. Agronomic and resistance characters were evaluated. The factorial scores for each character were obtained for the creation of “supercharacters”. These were designed to check if the selection in the new characters could provide satisfactory simultaneous gains in the original characters. Subsequently, the analysis of variance was performed for all factors, in both populations. The F test showed the presence of variability among genotypes, allowing the selection of superior genotypes. None of the factors selected progenies with all the characters favorably, and their use was not interesting for both populations. With this, complementary studies should be performed with other selection indices in these populations.

Key words Glycine max; factor analysis; Euschistus heros; Piezodorus guildinii; Nezara viridula

λ _j	λ_j(%)	NDF	GP	NDM	PHM	L	LR	AV	GY	HSW	WHS
3.40	34.04	0.47	-0.44	0.26	0.28	0.34	-0.09	0.02	-0.22	-0.25	-0.44
2.07	54.73	0.01	-0.21	-0.10	0.48	0.27	-0.03	-0.25	0.56	0.51	0.10
1.61	70.81	0.11	-0.03	0.03	-0.22	-0.14	-0.50	0.65	0.26	0.33	-0.26
1.22	83.00	0.23	0.17	0.70	-0.11	-0.15	0.54	0.06	0.24	0.20	-0.04
0.59	88.88	-0.29	0.42	0.19	-0.25	0.75	-0.14	-0.07	0.00	0.05	-0.20
0.48	93.63	-0.15	-0.15	-0.46	-0.03	0.21	0.66	0.42	-0.03	0.10	-0.30
0.29	96.58	0.04	0.23	0.12	0.48	0.23	0.01	0.56	-0.10	-0.17	0.54
0.19	98.46	0.59	-0.14	-0.22	-0.52	0.30	0.05	-0.04	0.01	0.11	0.46
0.14	99.86	-0.51	-0.67	0.35	-0.23	0.10	-0.01	0.11	-0.02	-0.02	0.30
0.01	100	0.00	0.01	0.08	0.10	-0.04	-0.01	-0.05	-0.71	0.69	0.03

λ _j	λ_j(%)	NDF	GP	NDM	PHM	L	LR	AV	GY	HSW	WHS
5.75	57.53	-0.37	0.09	-0.40	-0.24	-0.18	-0.36	0.35	0.34	0.37	0.33
1.57	73.20	0.05	-0.40	-0.04	0.54	0.58	-0.16	-0.08	0.33	0.24	0.10
1.01	83.32	-0.15	0.78	0.03	0.06	0.39	0.17	-0.31	0.07	0.07	0.27
0.42	87.55	-0.02	-0.33	-0.14	-0.36	0.32	-0.01	-0.10	-0.45	-0.21	0.62
0.38	91.35	-0.24	-0.25	-0.07	-0.52	0.14	0.24	-0.52	0.23	0.28	-0.35
0.33	94.69	-0.08	-0.18	0.04	0.28	-0.46	0.63	-0.14	0.15	0.17	0.45
0.24	97.09	0.73	0.05	0.31	-0.31	-0.09	-0.19	-0.12	0.30	0.24	0.26
0.15	98.60	-0.01	-0.03	0.28	-0.27	0.36	0.48	0.66	0.23	-0.05	-0.03
0.10	99.63	0.47	0.10	-0.69	0.03	0.10	0.31	0.13	-0.23	0.30	-0.16
0.04	100	-0.14	-0.0018	0.40	0.05	0.02	-0.05	0.11	-0.55	0.71	-0.04

Characters	Commonalities	Initial loads				Final loads
		Factors				Factors
		1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
PHM	0.83	0.52	0.69	-0.28	-0.13	0.88	0.19	-0.19	-0.00
L	0.61	0.64	0.39	-0.18	-0.16	0.77	-0.07	-0.02	0.11
GP	0.80	-0.82	-0.31	-0.04	0.19	-0.82	0.12	-0.24	-0.24
GY	0.99	-0.41	0.80	0.33	0.27	0.03	0.99	-0.04	-0.07
HSW	0.98	-0.47	0.73	0.42	0.22	-0.06	0.98	0.06	-0.11
AV	0.82	0.05	-0.36	0.83	0.07	-0.38	0.05	0.75	0.33
LR	0.78	-0.17	-0.04	-0.63	0.60	-0.19	-0.03	-0.83	0.25
NDM	0.85	0.48	-0.15	0.04	0.77	0.02	-0.04	-0.17	0.91
NDF	0.84	0.87	0.01	0.14	0.26	0.53	-0.19	0.19	0.70
WHS	0.80	-0.81	0.14	-0.33	-0.05	-0.42	0.28	-0.46	-0.58

Characters	Commonalities	Initial loads			Final loads
		Factors			Factors
		1	2	3	1	2	3
HSW	0.90	0.90	0.30	0.07	0.95	-0.08	0.04
GY	0.84	0.82	0.42	0.07	0.92	0.05	-0.02
WHS	0.70	0.78	0.13	0.28	0.78	-0.08	0.29
AV	0.82	0.84	-0.10	-0.31	0.71	-0.55	-0.14
NDF	0.82	-0.89	0.06	-0.15	-0.80	0.33	-0.27
LR	0.79	-0.85	-0.20	0.17	-0.84	0.25	0.13
NDM	0.90	-0.95	-0.05	0.03	-0.88	0.34	-0.06
L	0.86	-0.42	0.73	0.39	-0.06	0.92	-0.01
PHM	0.78	-0.57	0.67	0.06	-0.24	0.79	-0.31
GP	0.92	0.21	-0.50	0.79	0.04	-0.14	0.95

Source of variation	DF	Population 1				Population 2
Source of variation	DF	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3	Factor 4	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3
Repetition	2	76.70^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	4633.58^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	36.05^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	188.42^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	1239.53^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	1229.21^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	2.27^ns ns not significant, *significant at 5% and
Block(Rep)	24	32.15^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	251.96^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	4.60^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	14.93^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	64.30^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	67.47^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	15.95^ns ns not significant, *significant at 5% and
Treatment	161	84.14^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	97.82^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	5.01^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	24.10^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	107.76^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	67.93^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.	37.14^ significant at 1% of probability by F test.
Error	298	7.37	57.76	1.30	4.11	17.17	20.91	11.18
μ		-0.41	53.25	-33.81	86.86	-16.56	47.76	6.67
CV(%)		22.42	14.27	14.51	2.34	23.84	9.57	24.47

	Factor		NDF	GP	NDM	PHM	L	LR
Pop. 1	1	GS_(%)	2.18	-9.73	-0.51	41.27	9.67	-0.05
	1	X _S	55.53	28.76	117.07	75.38	2.28	1.74
	2	GS_(%)	-0.62	-0.16	-0.13	12.01	3.37	-0.49
	2	X _S	53.61	32.53	117.62	58.44	2.03	1.70
	3	GS_(%)	-1.81	1.86	-1.99	-14.46	-5.94	0.01
	3	X _S	52.80	33.32	114.89	43.12	1.66	1.75
	4	GS_(%)	2.45	-0.94	2.64	-8.55	-1.12	0.51
	4	X _S	55.72	32.22	121.69	46.54	1.85	1.79
Pop. 1 (original)		X	54.04	32.59	117.81	51.49	1.90	1.74
Pop. 1 (original)		CI	(53.63; 54.45)	(32.08; 33.10)	(117.20; 118.42)	(49.41; 53.57)	(1.82; 1.98)	(1.67; 1.82)
	Factor		AV	GY	HSW	WHS		Total
Pop. 1	1	GS_(%)	-5.7	4.91	2.71	-2.58		42.17
	1	X _S	2.83	40.54	36.23	11.81
	2	GS_(%)	-1.92	10.66	8.57	4.53		35.82
	2	X _S	3.07	45.71	41.98	12.74
	3	GS_(%)	0.37	2.54	3.19	0.77		-15.46
	3	X _S	3.22	38.42	36.70	12.25
	4	GS_(%)	3.01	-0.09	-0.04	-13.90		-16.03
	4	X _S	3.39	36.06	33.54	10.33
Pop. (original)		X	3.20	36.14	33.58	12.15
Pop. (original)		CI	(3.13; 3.26)	(35.12; 37.16)	(32.64; 34.52)	(11.77; 12.53)

	Factor		NDF	GP	NDM	PHM	L	LR
Pop. 2	1	GS_(%)	-12.22	1.11	-11.70	-6.70	-4.40	-28.18
	1	X _S	57.96	28.61	122.45	63.96	2.28	1.63
	2	GS_(%)	2.15	-1.23	0.76	16.42	9.34	-4.16
	2	X _S	68.39	26.98	141.55	84.52	2.95	2.49
	3	GS_(%)	-10.79	5.20	-7.91	-14.64	-7.55	-13.26
	3	X _S	59.00	31.45	128.26	56.90	2.13	2.16
Pop. 2 (original)		X	66.83	27.84	140.39	69.92	2.49	2.64
Pop. 2 (original)		CI	(65.76; 67.90)	(27.41; 28.27)	(138.51; 142.26)	(68.03; 71.81)	(2.40; 2.58)	(2.50; 2.78)
	Factor		AV	GY	HSW	WHS		Total
Pop. 2	1	GS_(%)	16.64	35.57	68.29	29.59		88.00
	1	X _S	2.83	33.73	27.36	12.04
	2	GS_(%)	-2.63	14.97	12.44	1.06		49.12
	2	X _S	2.14	27.32	16.79	8.59
	3	GS_(%)	10.86	13.27	34.64	23.53		33.35
	3	X _S	2.62	26.79	20.99	11.31
Pop. 2 (original)		X	2.24	22.66	14.43	8.46
Pop. 2 (original)		CI	(2.15; 2.33)	(21.21; 24.11)	(13.06; 15.81)	(8.01; 8.91)

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[1] Number of days for flowering (NDF in days), grain filling period (GP in days), number of days to maturity (NDM in days), plant height at maturity (PHM in cm), lodging(L in notes), leaf retention (LR in notes), agronomic value (AV in notes), grain yield (GY in g), healthy seeds weight (HSW in g) and weight of one hundred seeds (WHS in g).