Industry 4.0 technologies and Lean Office: perspectives to Smart Office

Santos, Alex Almeida dos; Goecks, Lucas Schmidt; Pereira, Luísa Müller; Couto, Bruna Strapazzon do; Korzenowski, André Luis

doi:10.1590/0103-6513.20220060

Brasil

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Research Article • Prod. 34 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.20220060 linkcopy

Industry 4.0 technologies and Lean Office: perspectives to Smart Office

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Paper aims Due to the scarcity of research that approaches the Lean Office in conjunction with Industry 4.0 Technologies, this article aims to discuss, understand and analyze the associations between these two concepts, as well as identify gaps to be explored.

Originality This research contributes with guidelines for applying Industry 4.0 Technologies in administrative areas and possibilities of an association with the Lean for the development of the Smart Office.

Research method Based on a systematic review of the literature, with a basic purpose, a descriptive objective, and qualitative data, a framework for developing the Smart Office is presented.

Main findings An association model between Lean Office tools and Industry 4.0 Technologies is provided. It even classifies and addresses the impact and trends in administrative environments so that managers can develop the Smart Office.

Implications for theory and practice Industry 4.0 technologies have been widely discussed in companies that seek to improve processes, mainly industries; however, there are still few applications in administrative environments. The applicability and association of new technologies for Smart Office can explore future studies and contribute to the growth of these areas in addition to the creation of new articles relating to technologies in this environments.

Keywords: Lean Office; Industry 4.0 technologies; Smart Office; Framework; Literature review

Waste	Lean practices
Waste	Jidoka	TPM*	Kanban	WIP**	CIM***	Heijunka
Overproduction			X	X
Transport
Motion	X		X		X	X
Waiting	X	X	X	X	X	X
Inventory						X
Over-processing					X	X
Defects	X	X			X	X
*Total Production Maintenance;
**Work in Process Reduction;
***Computer Integrated Manufacturing.

Waste	Industry 4.0 technologies
Waste	3D Printing	VRº	RPAºº	IoTººº	Data Analysis	Cloud
Overproduction		X	X		X
Transport		X	X			X
Motion			X	X	X	X
Waiting	X			X	X
Inventory	X		X			X
Over-processing	X		X	X	X
Defects	X	X	X	X	X
ºVirtual Reality;
°°Robotic Process Automation;
°°°Internet of Things.

References	Lean tools	Industry 4.0 technologies	Application
Meudt et al. (2017)	VSM	IoT and BD	The VSM of the Company in the administrative sector was developed using IoT and BD.
Mayr et al. (2018)	TPM	Cloud and AI	Identify in the Management Room (Office) the prediction of the machine stop and preventive action.
Xu & Chen (2018)	Just In Time	BD, Analytics, and AI	Integrated AI analysis with large volumes of data to study the unit flow of administrative documents
Zaker & Coloma (2018)	Continuous Flow	VR	Used VR technology to demonstrate to the employees the continuous flow in administrative environments
Trappey et al. (2017)	Standardization	IoT	IoT is used to identify an error in the patent verification process.
Powell et al. (2018)	Heijunka	BD	Use the massive data generated in the administrative environment to level the most recurrent activities of employees.
Jayaram (2016)	Six Sigma	IoT	The application was made using the resources generated by the IoT and presented to the User of the administrative sector if the process is within the established Six Sigma standard.
Sastre et al. (2018)	VSM; Visual Management	BI and BD	The company's VSM in the administrative environment, with inputs and outputs coming from the Company's database, and made it updated online.
Silva et al. (2015)	VSM	BI and BD	VSM of the company in the administrative environment, with inputs and outputs from the Company's database, and this monitoring was made available to the business area.
Belayutham et al. (2016)	VSM	BD, Cloud and RPA	Integrated administrative VSM with BD and Cloud techniques for online interaction with administrative workers, this interaction also used RPA to automate the process.
Demeter & Losonci (2019)	Employee; 5S Empowerment; Standardization	Cloud, RPA, Analytics, and AI	They made available and programmed a game to integrate the administrative environment into the 5S programs and generate greater employee engagement.
Villarreal et al. (2016)	VSM	BD and Cloud	It was integrated with the Administrative Flow Mapping DB and Cloud techniques for online interaction with administrative employees.
Chiarini & Kumar (2021)	VSM and Continuous Flow	BD, Cloud, and Analytics	They made available and programmed a game in the Cloud using BD and Analytics to integrate the administrative environment in the 5S programs and, consequently, generate greater engagement for the Employee.
Hofmann & Rüsch (2017)	JIT and Kanban	Cloud, CPS and RFID	It aims to evaluate how Industry 4.0 affects logistics management by consulting experts, which includes Kanban and JIT, since large applications in this field are expected.
Mirehei et al. (2011)	Employee empowerment, Continuous Flow	BI, BD	It proposes a lean office simulation game to demonstrate the effect of lean implementation on office processes. Various performance metrics are recorded during gameplay to capture the impact of these tools

	IoT	BD & BDA	Cloud	RPA	VR	AI	BI	CPS	RFID
Standardization	X			X		X
VSM	X	X	X	X
Six Sigma	X
TPM			X			X
5S			X			X
Kanban			X					X	X
Visual Management							X
Employee Empowerment			X	X		X	X	X
Heijunka		X					X
Just-In-Time		X	X			X		X	X
Continuous Flow		X	X	X	X		X

Lean Tools	Context	Technologies	Reference
FMEA	Consider the complement using FMEA allows exponentially increasing the reliability of processes showing in the administrative environment.	Cloud and AI	Mayr et al. (2018)
Jidoka	Could better optimize administrative processes to reduce lead time.	BD, Cloud, AI, Analytics, and RPA	Belayutham et al. (2016); Demeter and Losonci (2019),
Poka-Yoke	In the use of VR, a process demonstration with errors would be complemented, in the standardization process also create a mistake-proofing mechanism.	IoT and VR	Zaker & Coloma (2018); Trappey et al. (2017)
Andon	In VR, a demo and color indicators could be created to indicate the process done wrong.	VR	Zaker and Coloma (2018)
Gemba	In all mapping processes, after creating the flow, the operation could be verified in person for validation.	IoT, BD, Cloud, and Analytics	Mayr et al. (2018); Sastre et al. (2018); Silva et al. (2015); Belayutham et al. (2016); Chiarini & Kumar (2021); Villarreal et al. (2016)

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