Hartman ME et al.[1]
|
1 |
44 |
1 (100%) |
- |
1 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
Hospital discharge. |
The study suggests caution with the applicability of ECMO based on the experience of a single patient. |
Case report |
Zeng Y et al.[2]
|
12 |
Mean age: 50.9 (35-76) |
11 (91.7%) |
1 (8.3%) |
12 (100%) |
Not specified |
3 (25%) patients evolved without ECMO; 4 (33.3%) patients still alive with ECMO, but 2 in a coma; 5 (41.7%) patients died. |
The paper suggests further studies on the use of ECMO in patients with COVID-19, and caution is needed to recommend ECMO to patients with COVID-19 in critical condition |
Case series |
Marullo A et al.[4]
|
333 |
Mean age: 51.8 |
- |
48 (14.4%) |
157 (47.1%) |
(149) VV-ECMO; (5) VA-ECMO; (2) VAV-ECMO; (1) VVV-ECMO |
54 patients evolved with weaning from ECMO (18.1%), 57 (17.1%) patients died, the outcomes of the other patients were not reported. |
The study suggests international validation of its findings and further studies on the topic. |
Retrospective analysis |
Median age: 54 (16-74) |
Li X et al.[6]
|
8 |
Mean age: 64,25 |
6 (75%) |
2 (25%) |
8 (100%) |
(7) VV-ECMO and (1) VA-ECMO |
3 (37.5%) patients evolved with improvement, 1 (12.5%) patient remained on mechanical ventilation, and 4 (50%) patients died. |
The study reports that support for oxygenation by extracorporeal membrane can be an integral part of the critical care provided to patients with COVID-19 in centers with advanced knowledge in ECMO. |
Case series |
Median age: 64,5 (25-81) |
Wang D et al.[10]
|
138 |
Median age: 56 (22-92) |
75 (54.3%) |
63 (45.7%) |
4 (2.9%) |
Not specified |
- |
- |
Case series |
Jacobs JP et al.[17]
|
32 |
Mean and median age: 52.41 |
22 (68.8%) |
10 (31.2%) |
32 (100%) |
(25) VV-ECMO; (3) VA-ECMO; (1) VAV to VV-ECMO; (1) VV to VVA-ECMO; (1) VV to VVV-ECMO; (1) not specified |
17 (53.12%) patients remain on ECMO, 10 (31.25%) patients died before or shortly after decannulation, and 5 (15.62%) patients are alive and extubated after ECMO removal, with 1 (3.12%) patient discharged from hospital. |
The study states that their data can help define the best strategies to care for these patients and provide a framework for future research on the use of ECMO to treat patients with COVID-19. |
Real-time cohort |
Taniguchi H et al.[13]
|
1 |
72 |
- |
1 (100%) |
1 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
The patient spent 6 days on ECMO treatment (on the 12th day of hospitalization), with an improvement in chest radiography. The respirator was removed after tracheostomy on the 19th day of hospitalization. |
The treatment of severe pneumonia in COVID-19 by ECMO must recognize pulmonary plasticity, considering the time for the introduction of ECMO and interstitial biomarkers. |
Case report |
Barrasa H et al.[20]
|
48 |
Median age: 63 (51-75) |
27 (56.3%) |
21 (43.7%) |
1 (2.1%) |
VV-ECMO |
- |
The study suggests that the correct oxygenation saves lives and that the clinical observations provide useful information that can help improve management and results. |
Case series |
Sultan I et al.[18]
|
10 |
31-62 |
7 (70%) |
3 (30%) |
10 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
2 (20%) patients were successfully released from ECMO support, 1 (10%) patient is currently undergoing weaning, and 1 patient (10%) died after 9 days of ECMO due to multiorgan dysfunction. All other patients remain on ECMO. |
The paper reports that its data can guide intensive care management and resource allocation of the intensive care unit and ECMO infrastructure, in addition to being an attempt to characterize the patient population using ECMO to help establish selection criteria. |
Case series |
Firstenberg MS et al.[19]
|
1 |
51 |
- |
1 (100%) |
1 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
Patient was extubated after 11 days of treatment, being discharged after other 11 days of extubation. |
The study suggests timely referral to a tertiary center with established experience and standardized ECMO protocols, if it is considered a treatment for COVID-19. It also suggests future prospective multicenter studies to validate its findings in a larger cohort of patients. |
Case report |
Zhan WQ et al.[11]
|
1 |
54 |
1 (100%) |
- |
1 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
Patient left ECMO 5 days after treatment with normal vital signs, but remained on mechanical ventilation for another 10 days. The patient received oxygen inhalation for another 6 days, being discharged from the hospital on February 24. |
The study strongly recommends ECMO treatment since the beginning of the illness in critical patients with COVID-19 and warns that the patient's clotting function and blood gases need to be monitored regularly to decide how long to use ECMO. |
Case report |
Nakamura K et al.[14]
|
1 |
45 |
1 (100%) |
- |
1 (100%) |
Not specified |
The patient was decannulated after 11 days using ECMO and was discharged 12 days later. |
- |
Case report |
Bemtgen et al.[26]
|
1 |
52 |
1 (100%) |
- |
1 (100%) |
VA-VV ECMO |
ECMO continued to function, even after 24 days of treatment. |
- |
Case report |
Giani et al.[21]
|
1 |
66 |
1 (100%) |
- |
1 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
- |
- |
Case report |
Japan ECMsOne.[15]
|
26 |
Mean age: 71 (45-81)
|
- |
- |
26 (100%) |
Not specified |
16 (62%) patients were weaned, 6 (26%) patients were extubated and referred for rehabilitation, and 10 (38%) patients remained on ECMO. The available data from the first 14 cases demonstrated that the median number of days between intubation and ECMO was 3 days (range 0–9 days). |
The study concludes that patients who presented a preserved lung compliance phenotype were probably favored by the use of ECMO and indicates the adoption of a real-time discussion platform to guide the use of ECMO. Finally, it is suggested further research to classify the ideal use of ECMO in patients with COVID-19. |
Cross-sectional study |
Kato et al.[16]
|
70 |
Mean age: 67 (54-72) |
47 (67.1%) |
23 (32.9%) |
2 (2.85%) |
VV-ECMO |
Patients were successfully treated and survived at the end of the observation period: 1 patient was extubated on day 13 of ventilation and the other one was intubated for 23 days using VV-ECMO. |
- |
Case series |
Yu et al.[12]
|
226 |
Mean age: 64 (57-70) |
139 (61.5%) |
87 (38.5%) |
14 (6.2%) |
Not specified |
- |
- |
Cross-sectional study |
Schmiady et al.[22]
|
1 |
54 |
- |
1 (100%) |
1 (100%) |
VV-ECMO |
- |
- |
Case series |