Combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization in the cultivation of cotton genotypes

Assis, Lamartine E. de; Dantas, Maíla V.; Roque, Iara A.; Silva, Luderlândio de A.; Lima, Geovani S. de; Gheyi, Hans R.; Nobre, Reginaldo G.; Soares, Lauriane A. dos Anjos

doi:10.1590/1983-21252024v3712467rc

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Scientific Article • Rev. Caatinga 37 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252024v3712467rc linkcopy

Combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization in the cultivation of cotton genotypes

Combinações de adubação nitrogenada e potássica no cultivo de genótipos de algodoeiro

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

In semi-arid regions, characterized by low soil fertility, it is essential to ensure an adequate proportion of nutrients to maximize cotton production, with emphasis on nitrogen and potassium, which are the main nutrients required by this crop. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of nitrogen and potassium doses on the biomass and production components of colored cotton genotypes. The experiment was carried out in pots under field conditions, in a randomized block design, with treatments arranged in a 3 × 5 factorial scheme, with three genotypes of colored fiber cotton (‘BRS Rubi’, ‘BRS Jade’, and ‘BRS Safira’) and five combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization - N:K (50:125; 75:100; 100:100; 100:75, and 125:50% of the recommendation), with the combination of 100:100% of the recommendation corresponding to 100 mg of N and 150 mg of K₂O kg^-1 of soil, with four replicates and one plant per plot. Photosynthetic pigments, growth, and production components of colored fiber cotton genotypes were measured. The interaction between the ‘BRS Rubi’ genotype and the combination of 100:75% N:K fertilization promoted the highest dry mass accumulation and fiber percentage. For the production of bolls with greater weight, the ‘BRS Jade’ genotype stood out in comparison with the others, regardless of the fertilizer combination, while ‘BRS Safira’ produced greater seed weight with the 125:50% N:K fertilizer combination.

Keywords Gossypium hirsutum L.; Natural colored fiber; Nutritional management

Chemical characteristics
ρΗ(Η₂Ο)	OM	P	K⁺	Na⁺ Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺ IT
(1:2.5)	gkg^-1	(mg kg^-1)		-	cmol_c kg^-1	-
5.58	2.93	39.2	0.23	1.64 9.07	2.78	0 8.61
	Chemical characteristics				Physical characteristics
EC_se	CEC	SAR_se	ESP	Particle-size fraction - g kg^-1		Moisture - dag kg^-1
(dS m^-1)	cmol_c kg^-1	(mmol L^-1)⁰·⁵	%	Sand	Silt Clay	33.42 kPa¹ 1519.5 kPa²
2.15	22.33	0.67	7.34	572.7	100.7 326.6	25.91 12.96

Variables	Mean squares				CV%
Variables	Combinations (C)	Genotypes (G)	CxG	Block	CV%
Chl a	13.05^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	14.78”	4.32^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	0.42™	15.14
Chl b	0.74”	2.57”	0.37^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	0.01™	12.76
Chl total	20.17^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	22.35^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	6.14^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	1.85™	11.43
Car	1.96”	1.08^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	0.44^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	0.05™	12.34
LDM	308.11^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	1027.97^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	152.45^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	6.44™	6.38
StDM	41.54^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	95.75”	39.57^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	16.37^* * ,	7.67
ShDM	521.96^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	1427.11^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	273.52^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	28.47^* * ,	4.71
RDM	10.51^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	10.61”	5.11^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	0.76™	7.15
LAR	7.74^ns	446.18^* * ,	90.16™	92.36™	19.47
Fiber%	62.53^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	346.71”	43.32^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	4.78™	6.03
SW	51.98^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	509.32”	39.10^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	4.87™	8.01
BW	0.066^ , non-significant and significant at p ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.01, respectively; CV = coefficient of variation; DF = degrees of freedom.	2.549”	0.033^* * ,	0.004™	9.27
DF	4	2	8	3

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[TFN1] ^1,2
referring to field capacity and permanent wilting point, respectively. Estimated attributes: CEC - Cation exchange capacity; SAR_se - Sodium adsorption ratio of saturation extract; ESP - Exchangeable sodium percentage.