E1 |
Effect of a multi-level intervention on nurse-patient communication in the intensive care unit: Results of the SPEACS trial(3)
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Quasi-experimental quantitative |
-89 conscious and intubated patients; -30 nurses from two ICU's. |
- Increased frequency of communication and positive communication behaviors; - Improved control of pain and other symptoms; - Patients and speech therapists who used more AAC methods found it less difficult to communicate. |
- Low tech: papers and pens; Board with alphabet/images/phrases; notebooks; felt tip pens; - Supports for the upper limb to facilitate writing; - Hearing aids; - Electronic communication devices, personalized to each patient. |
E2 |
Communication aid requirements of intensive care unit patients with transient speech loss(7)
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Qualitative semi-structured interview |
- 8 patients; -4 family members; -6 employees (2 doctors and 4 nurses); - 2 speech therapists - 30 conscious and mechanically ventilated patients. |
- Improved communication between patients and professionals; - More effective and improved pain communication; - More effective communication is considered a pillar of patient safety. |
- Use of tablet/Ipads®. |
E3 |
Which alternative communication methods are effective for voiceless patients in Intensive Care Units? A systematic review(8)
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Systematic review |
- Analysis of 12 studies: -1,981 patients; -454 health professionals. |
- AAC strategies are effective and allow patients to reduce communication difficulties and improve their satisfaction. |
Low technology AAC tools: communication boards/images/books; board with alphabet; board with symbols; Paper and pen; High technology AAC tools: Speech generator (DynaMyte® and MessageMate®); Speech generator applications; Eye contolled assistive technology ( TheGrid® , Sensory Software® ) ; LifeVoice Technologies® .
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E4 |
Communicating with conscious and mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a systematic review(9)
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Systematic review |
- Analysis of 31 articles. |
- Effective communication with hospitalized patients is essential to improve the quality and safety of healthcare provided. |
- Communication boards and other Low Technologies equipment; - High technologies of AAC; - Other devices: Tracheostomy tubes (fenestrated) with inflated cuff (speaking tracheostomy tube); - Speaking valve; - Electrolarynx; |
E5 |
Augmented alternative communication methods in intubated COPD patients: Does it make difference(11)
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Quantitative |
- 60 patients. |
- AAC methods increase the level of satisfaction and decrease stress in COPD patients. |
- Communication boards; - Alphabet boards and/or images. |
E6 |
Nurse and patient interaction behaviors' effects on quality for mechanically ventilated older adults in the ICU(12)
|
Qualitative |
- 38 ventilated patients; - 24 nurses; It was performed in an in a cardio-thoracic ICU. |
- The use of AAC strategies was associated with positive behaviors on the part of the nursing team, which: encourage patients to use the different types of AAC; they are associated with better pain control, less need for sedation; they increase interaction and allow them to communicate and express needs. |
- Non-verbal communication (nods, gestures, facial expressions, purposeful look and handshake, pointing to AAC boards); - Drawing/writing; - Trying to spell (lip reading); - Use of dictating board. |
E7 |
The Effect of Using Communication Boards on Ease of Communication and Anxiety in Mechanically Ventilated Conscious Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units(13)
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Quasi-experimental study |
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- The use of communication aids in conscious and ventilated patients can facilitate communication and decrease stress levels. |
- Communication boards. |