Primary Health Care professionals’ knowledge about initial care for burn victims

Viana, Fabrício de Oliveira; Eulálio, Kelsen Dantas; Moura, Luana Kelle Batista; Ribeiro, Ivonizete Pires; Ramos, Carmen Viana

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0941

Brasil

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 73 (4) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0941 linkcopy

Primary Health Care professionals’ knowledge about initial care for burn victims

Conocimiento de los profesionales de la Atención Primaria de Salud sobre la atención inicial al quemado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objectives: to assess Primary Health Care physicians and nurses’ knowledge about initial care for burn patients.

Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 71 professionals between February 19 and March 30, 2018. A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge through the correct answers obtained in the tool; Mann-Whitney test to compare professionals’ level of knowledge; and logistic regression to investigate the association with other variables.

Results: there was an overall wrong answer rate of 40.27% in a tool applied to the subject in relation to physicians and 45.59% of nurses, with no statistically significant difference among them (p=0.27). There was a positive association between level of knowledge and length of practice in Primary Health Care (p=0.043). 29.19% of physicians and 14.89% of nurses knew the Ministry of Health’s flowchart for initial care for burn victims.

Conclusions: professionals had a low level of knowledge associated with their time in Primary Health Care.

Descriptors: Primary Health Care; Knowledge; Burns; Physicians; Nurses

Variables	N	%
Age group
22 \|- 42 years	35	49.30
43 \|- 60 years	30	42.25
> 60 years	6	8.45
Sex
Male	5	7.04
Female	66	92.96
Professional qualification
Nurse	47	66.20
Physician	24	33.80
Length since graduation
<10 years	20	28.16
10 \|-\| 20 years	22	30.98
> 20 years	29	40.84
Continuing education/Graduate Course
Yes	59	83.09
No	12	16.91
Continuing education/type of Graduate Course
Specialization	52	73.23
Master's degree	7	9.85
Burn victims care update	0	0
Years of experience in PHC^* * PHC - Primary Health Care
< 5 years	16	22.53
5 \|- 10 years	9	12.68
11 \|- 15 years	14	14.72
16 \|-20 years	24	33.80
> 20 years	8	11.27
Admission form
Public tender	58	81.69
Public selection	9	12.68
Substitute	4	5.63

Items	Area	Number of correct answers	Number of wrong answers	Do not know	Correct answers (%)	Wrong answers (%)
1	Initial exam	23	1	0	95.8	4.2
2	Burned body surface area calculation	14	5	5	58.3	41.7
3	Local care	16	8	0	66.7	33.3
4	Local care	12	10	2	50.0	50.0
5	Local care	12	10	2	50.0	50.0
6	Positioning	12	5	7	50.0	50.0
7	Pathophysiology	5	12	7	20.8	79.1
8	Triage	16	3	5	66.7	33.3
9	Triage	23	0	1	95.8	4.2
10	Nutrition	15	6	3	62.5	37.5
11	Volume replacement	13	2	9	54.2	45.8
12	Antibiotic therapy	11	13	0	45.8	54.2
Total		172	75	41	59.7	40.3

Items	Area	Number of correct answers	Number of wrong answers	Do not know	Correct answers (%)	Wrong answers (%)
1	Initial exam	38	5	4	80.9	19.1
2	Burned body surface area calculation	23	12	12	48.9	51.1
3	Local care	25	19	3	53.2	46.8
4	Local care	33	8	6	70.2	29.8
5	Local care	22	10	15	46.8	53.2
6	Positioning	20	7	20	42.6	57.4
7	Pathophysiology	7	20	20	14.9	85.1
8	Vital control	30	11	6	63.8	36.2
9	Injury care	16	17	14	34.0	66.0
10	Injury care	37	2	8	78.7	21.3
11	Injury care	35	5	7	74.5	25.5
12	Infection prevention	17	28	2	36.2	63.8
13	Complication prevention	38	8	1	80.9	19.1
14	Venous access	17	22	8	36.2	63.8
Total		358	174	126	54.4	45.6

Type of professional	Mean	Median	Maximum	Minimum
Physician	8	8	11	4
Nurse	8	9	13	0

Area	β(i) ¹ 1 (βi) coefficient: variable weight;	p value	OR ² 2 Odds Ratio;
Age group	-1.15	0.18	0.32
Sex	-0.54	0.67	0.58
Professional qualification	1.17	0.13	3.21
Qualification length	0.08	0.15	1.08
Continuing education	0.96	0.41	2.60
PHC^* * PHC - Primary Health Care experience length	1.83	0.04	6.23
PHC admission form	-0.07	0.95	0.93
Experience in burn victims care	-0.51	0.47	0.60
Knowledge of the care flowchart for burn victims in PHC	1.46	0.06	4.3

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PHC - Primary Health Care