Construcción y validación de tecnología educativa para el enlace madre-niño en la unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal

Santos, Aliniana da Silva; Rodrigues, Lidiane do Nascimento; Andrade, Késia Cartaxo; Santos, Maria Solange Nogueira dos; Viana, Maria Corina Amaral; Chaves, Edna Maria Camelo

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0083

Brasil

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 73 (4) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0083 linkcopiar

Construcción y validación de tecnología educativa para el enlace madre-niño en la unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos: describir el proceso de construcción y validación de un folleto educativo para promover el vínculo entre madres y recién nacidos en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales.

Métodos: estudio metodológico, desarrollado a través de la recopilación de datos en la literatura y con el público objetivo; construcción del folleto; calificación del material mediante la validación por parte de jueces (especialistas/diseñadores de salud y comunicación) y evaluación por parte del público objetivo (madres de recién nacidos en riesgo). Los datos fueron analizados descriptivamente.

Resultados: el contenido del folleto fue validado, obteniendo un índice de validez de contenido general de 0,92; la apariencia se clasificó como “Superior”, con un 80% de porcentaje; y madres realizaron evaluación con 100% de acuerdo entre los ítems.

Conclusiones: el folleto fue validado en todos los dominios evaluados y puede ser utilizado por madres con niños hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal.

Descriptores: Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal; Tecnología Educacional; Relaciones Madre-Hijo; Enfermería; Estudios de Validación

Domains	Items Assessed	I-CVI*
Objective	1.1 The information/content presented in the booklet is consistent with care and technologies that involve the NB in the NICU.	1.0
	1.2 They suggest and/or instigate the mother's attitude towards the performance of the maternal role from the basic care provided to the NB.	0.91
	1.3 They suggest promoting bonding between mother-baby.	0.96
	1.4 May assist in reducing maternal role tension in the NICU.	0.96
	1.5 May assist in reducing maternal stress during hospitalization of the child in the NICU.	0.91
	1.6 Can circulate in the scientific environment.	0.96
	CVI	0.96
Structure/ presentation	2.1 The booklet is suitable for the guidance of mothers about the NICU environment, equipment, care provided by staff and mothers.	0.96
	2.2 The messages are presented clearly and objectively.	0.74
	2.3 The information presented is scientifically correct.	0.83
	2.4 Topics have logical sequence.	0.96
	2.5 The material is adequate to the socio-cultural level of the proposed target audience.	0.65
	2.6 The style of writing corresponds to the level of knowledge of the target audience.	0.70
	2.7 The information is well structured in agreement and spelling.	0.78
	2.8 The illustrations are clear, easy to understand and sufficient.	0.91
	2.9 The cover, back cover, presentation and final message information are consistent.	0.96
	2.10 The number of pages is adequate.	0.83
	2.11 The font size of the title, topics, and body text is adequate.	0.78
	CVI	0.84
Relevance	3.1 Themes portray key aspects that should be reinforced regarding the hospitalization of the baby in NICU	0.96
	3.2 The booklet proposes the construction of knowledge and encourages the mother to approach her child, promoting bonding between mother and child.	1.0
	3.3 The developed items address important issues for the mother who experiences her child's hospitalization in the NICU.	0.96
	3.4 The booklet is suitable for use by any healthcare professional in their educational activities with the target audience.	1.0
	CVI	0.98
	Overall CVI	0.92

Reassessed Items of Structure/Presentation Domain	I-CVI*
2.2 The messages are presented clearly and objectively.	1.0
2.3 The information presented is scientifically correct.	1.0
2.5 The material is adequate to the socio-cultural level of the proposed target audience.	1.0
2.6 Writing style corresponds to the level of knowledge of the target audience.	1.0
2.7 The information is well structured in agreement and spelling.	1.0
2.10 The number of pages is adequate.	1.0
2.11 The font size of the title, topics, and body text is adequate.	1.0
CVI	1.0

Domains	Items assessed	Scores total/ Scores percentage (%)
Content	1.1 The objective is evident.	11 (91,6)
	1.2 The content addresses information related to NB in the NICU and encourages the mother to participate in care.	12 (100)
	1.3 The purpose of the material is limited to the objectives.	10 (83.3)
Language	2.1 The reading level is adequate for mothers to understand.	9 (75)
	2.2 The language is clear and facilitates the understanding of the text.	9 (75)
	2.3 Uses common words.	9 (75)
	2.4 Uses active voice writing.	11 (91.6)
	2.5 There is a context in the booklet that comes before new information.	9 (75)
Graphic Illustrations	3.1 The cover attracts attention and portrays the purpose of the material.	10 (83.3)
	3.2 Illustrations present fundamental visual messages so that the reader can understand the main points without distractions; and uses adult-adequate designs and strokes.	10 (83.3)
	3.3 Illustrations are adjacent to related text.	10 (83.3)
Layout and typography	4.1 Information layout and sequence are consistent, making it easy to predict the flow of information.	8 (66.7)
	4.2 Visual devices are used to point to the main content.	9 (75)
	4.3 White space is used to reduce clutter.	9 (75)
	4.4 Uses compatible colors that are not far from the message.	10 (83.3)
	4.5 Text has upper and lower case letters.	11 (91.6)
	4.6 Font size is at least 12.	8 (66.7)
	4.7 There are typographic clues.	7 (58.3)
	4.8 Does not use long texts.	7 (58.3)
	4.9 Titles and/or subtitles are used. Lists are grouped into descriptive subheadings and no more than 7 items are presented without subtitles.	10 (83.3)
Motivation	5.1 Interaction of the text and/or pictures occurs with the reader, leading the reader to understand the technologies surrounding the baby and care, make choices and/or demonstrate skills in relation to maternal care.	9 (75)
	5.2 Desired behavior patterns are modeled or well demonstrated.	10 (83.3)
	5.3 Mothers are motivated to learn by believing that tasks and behaviors are feasible.	11 (91.6)
Cultural suitability	6.1 The material is culturally adequate to the logic, language and experience of mothers who have children in NICU.	10 (83.3)
Cultural suitability	6.2 Provides culturally adequate images and examples.	11 (91.6)
Overall percentage of scores		80.0

Domains	Items assessed	Answers/ N (%)
Organization	1.1 Did the cover catch your eye?	Yes/ 10 (100)
	1.2 Is the content sequence adequate?	Yes/ 10 (100)
	1.3 Is the structure of the educational booklet organized?	Yes/ 10 (100)
Writting style	2.1 As for the understanding of the sentences, they are:	Easy to understand/ 10 (100)
	2.2 Written content is:	Clear/10 (100)
	2.3 The text is:	Interesting/ 10 (100)
Appearance	3.1 Are the illustrations simple?	Yes/ 10 (100)
	3.2 Are illustrations meant to complement the text?	Yes/ 10 (100)
	3.3 Do pages or sections appear organized?	Yes/ 10 (100)
Motivation	4.1 Do you think any mother with a child in the neonatal ICU reading this booklet will understand what it is?	Yes/ 10 (100)
Motivation	4.2 Did you feel motivated to read the booklet until the end?	Yes/ 10 (100)
	4.3 Does the booklet address issues necessary for mothers who are having the same experience as you?	Yes/ 10 (100)
	4.4 Did the booklet encourage you to care for your baby in the neonatal ICU?	Yes/ 10 (100)
Total Agreement Index Percentage		100%

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[TFN1] Note: I-CVI - Content Validity of Individual Items; CVI - Content Validity Index