Tobacco-related neoplasms: survival analysis and risk of death of population data from Florianópolis, SC

Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola; Schmidt, Tauana Prestes; Correa, Vanessa Pereira; Santos, Ana Maria Martins dos; Rocha, Bruna Vanti da; Garcia, Leandro Pereira; Ceccon, Roger Flores

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003651

Brasil

home Sumário navigate_before Anterior Atual Seguinte navigate_next

home Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Saúde Pública 56 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056003651 linkcopy

Tobacco-related neoplasms: survival analysis and risk of death of population data from Florianópolis, SC

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To estimate the probability of survival and prognostic factors for tobacco-related neoplasms in a population-based cohort.

METHODS This is a cohort with data from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Florianópolis, southern Brazil, from 2008 to 2012. The Stata 16.0 software was used to estimate the probabilities of survival in five years after diagnosis, by the Kaplan Meier method, and the risk of death, by the Cox regression.

RESULTS A total of 2,829 cancer records related to smoking were included, more prevalent among males, over 70 years of age, nine years or more of schooling, white, with a partner and metastatic diagnosis. The most frequent groupings were colon and rectum (28.7%), trachea, bronchi and lungs (18.6%) and stomach (11.8%). At follow-up, 1,450 died. Pancreatic cancer had the worst probability of survival (14.3%), followed by liver cancer (19.4%).

CONCLUSION Risk factors for death and survival rates differ across the 13 types of tobacco-related cancers. Early diagnosis and primary prevention are strategies that must be improved to improve survival and decrease the burden related to these types of cancer.

Tobacco Use Disorder; Neoplasms, epidemiology; Survival Analysis; Risk Factors; Mortality; Proportional Hazards Models

Variables	n (%)	Deaths	p^a	S(t) (95%CI)	p^b

		n (%)
Sex			0.009
Female	1,104 (39.0)	532 (48.2)		51.8 (48.8–54.7)
Male	1,725 (61.0)	918 (53.2)		46.8 (44.4–49.1)
Age group			< 0.001		< 0.001
49 years or younger	414 (14.6)	144 (34.8)		65.2 (60.4–69.6)
50 to 59 years	684 (24.2)	311 (45.4)		54.6 (50.8–58.2)
60 to 69 years	766 (27.1)	395 (51.6)		48.4 (44.9–51.9)
70 years or older	962 (34.0)	600 (62.4)		37.6 (34.6–40.7)
Schooling			< 0.001		< 0 .001
9 years or more	1,311 (46.3)	640 (48.8)		51.2 (48.4–53.9)
8 years or less	1,146 (40.5)	665 (58.0)		42.0 (39.1–44.8)
No information	372 (13.2)	145 (39.0)		61.0 (55.9–65.8)
Race			< 0.001		< 0.001
White	2,472 (87.4)	1,282 (51.9)		48.1 (46.2–50.1)
Others	172 (6.1)	108 (62.8)		37.2 (30.0–44.4)
No information	185 (6.5)	60 (32.4)		67.6 (60.3–73.8)
Marital status			< 0.001		< 0.001
With partner	1,598 (56.5)	824 (51.6)		48.4 (46.0–50.9)
No partner	884 (31.3)	499 (56.5)		43.6 (40.3–46.8)
No information	347 (12.3)	127 (36.6)		63.4 (58.1–68.2)
Extension of disease			< 0.001		< 0.001
In situ	48 (1.7)	10 (20.8)		79.2 (64.7–88.2)
Localized	541 (19.1)	173 (32.0)		68.0 (63.9–71.8)
Metastatic	1,104 (39.0)	761 (68.9)		31.1 (28.4–33.8)
Not applicable	28 (1.0)	17 (60.7)		39.3 (21.7–56.5)
No information	1,108 (39.2)	489 (44.1)		55.9 (52.9–58.7)
Grouping			< 0.001		< 0.001
Lip and oral cavity (C00-C08)	165 (5.8)	65 (39.4)		60.6 (52.7–67.6)
Other pharynxes (C09-10; C12-14)	72 (2.6)	43 (59.7)		40.3 (29.0–51.3)
Nasopharynx (C11)	24 (0.9)	12 (50.0)		50.0 (29.1–67.8)
Esophagus (C15)	104 (3.7)	71 (67.6)		32.4 (23.7–41.4)
Stomach (C16)	333 (11.8)	200 (60.1)		39.9 (34.7–45.2)
Colon and rectum (C18-21)	813 (28.7)	291 (35.8)		64.2 (60.8–67.4)
Liver (C22)	103 (3.6)	83 (80.6)		19.4 (12.5–27.6)
Pancreas (C25)	112 (4.0)	96 (85.7)		14.3 (8.6–21.4)
Larynx (C32)	88 (3.1)	36 (40.9)		59.1 (48.1–68.5)
Trachea. Bronchi and Lungs (C33-C34)	527 (18.6)	407 (77.2)		22.8 (19.3–26.4)
Kidney (C64-C66)	177 (6.3)	43 (24.3)		75.7 (68.7–81.4)
Bladder (C67)	282 (10.0)	86 (30.5)		69.5 (63.8–74.5)
Acute myeloid leukemia (C92.0)	28 (1.0)	17 (60.7)		39.3 (21.7–56.5)
Year of diagnosis			0.623		0.690
2008	514 (18.2)	257 (50.0)		50.0 (45.6–54.2)
2009	575 (20.3)	298 (51.8)		48.2 (44.0–52.2)
2010	597 (21.1)	316 (52.9)		47.1 (43.0–51.0)
2011	542 (19.2)	285 (52.5)		47.5 (43.3–51.6)
2012	600 (21.2)	294 (49.0)		51.0 (46.9–54.9)
Status
Censorship	1,379 (48.8)
Death	1,450 (51.3)

Variables	n (%)	Deaths	p^a	S(t) (95%CI)	p^b	HR (95%CI)	Adjusted HR (95%CI)

		n (%)
Lip and oral cavity (C00-C08) ^c
Sex			0.342		0.258
Female	58 (35.2)	20 (34.5)		65.5 (51.8–76.2)		1.00	-
Male	107 (64.9)	45 (42.1)		57.9 (48.0–66.6)		1.35 (0.80–2.29)	-
Age group			0.016		0.022
49 years or younger	35 (21.2)	10 (28.6)		71.4 (53.4–83.5)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	48 (29.1)	22 (45.8)		54.2 (39.2–67.0)		1.77 (0.84–3.75)	1.40 (0.64–3.03)
60 to 69 years	35 (21.2)	8 (22.9)		77.1 (59.5–87.9)		0.75 (0.30–1.91)	0.63 (0.24–1.62)
70 years or older	47 (28.5)	25 (53.2)		46.8 (32.2–32.2)		2.14 (1.03–4.45)	1.94 (0.92–4.10)
Schooling			0.228		0.131
9 years or more	69 (41.8)	22 (31.9)		68.1 (55.7–77.7)		1.00	1.00
8 years or less	84 (50.9)	37 (44.1)		56.0 (44.7–65.8)		1.50 (0.88–2.54)	1.13 (0.66–1.95)
No information	12 (7.3)	6 (50.0)		50.0 (20.9–73.6)		2.25 (0.91–5.56)	2.12 (0.48–9.27)
Race			0.040		0.015
White	148 (89.7)	54 (36.5)		63.5 (55.2–70.7)		1.00	1.00
Others	9 (5.5)	7 (77.8)		22.2 (3.4–51.3)		2.80 (1.27–6.17)	2.61 (1.16–5.86)
No information	8 (4.9)	4 (50.0)		50.0 (15.2–77.5)		2.00 (0.72–5.52)	1.14 (0.20–6.45)
Marital status			0.929		0.948
With partner	94 (57.0)	36 (38.3)		61.7 (51.1–70.7)		1.00	-
No partner	58 (35.2)	24 (41.4)		58.6 (44.9–70.0)		1.05 (0.63–1.76)	-
No information	13 (7.9)	5 (38.5)		61.5 (30.8–81.8)		1.15 (0.45–2.94)	-
Extension of disease			0.014		0.014
Localized	34 (20.6)	12 (35.3)		64.7 (46.3–78.2)		1.00	1.00
Metastatic	57 (34.6)	31 (54.4)		45.6 (32.4–57.9)		1.75 (0.90–3.41)	1.76 (0.90–3.46)
No information	74 (44.9)	22 (29.7)		70.3 (58.5–79.3)		0.81 (0.40–1.64)	0.81 (0.39–1.66)
Year of diagnosis			0.842		0.851
2008	28 (17.0)	13 (46.4)		53.6 (33.8–69.8)		1.00	-
2009	36 (21.8)	14 (38.9)		61.1 (43.4–74.8)		0.78 (0.36–1.65)	-
2010	32 (19.4)	12 (37.5)		62.5 (43.5–76.7)		0.75 (0.34–1.63)	-
2011	31 (18.8)	10 (32.3)		67.7 (48.4–81.2)		0.62 (0.27–0.42)	-
2012	38 (23.0)	16 (42.1)		57.9 (40.8–71.7)		0.79 (0.38–1.65)	-
Cancer in other pharynxes (C09-C10; C12-C14)
Sex			0.717		0.936
Female	6 (8.3)	4 (66.7)		33.3 (4.6–67.6)		1.00	-
Male	66 (91.7)	39 (59.1)		40.9 (29.0–52.4)		0.96 (0.34–2.68)	-
Age group				0.524		0.658
49 years or younger	9 (12.5)	5 (55.6)		44.4 (13.6–71.9)		1.00	-
50 to 59 years	24 (33.3)	12 (50.0)		50.0 (29.1–67.8)		0.79 (0.28–2.24)	-
60 to 69 years	24 (33.3)	15 (62.5)		37.5 (19.0–56.0)		1.03 (0.38–2.85)	-
70 years or older	15 (20.8)	11 (73.3)		26.7 (8.3–49.6)		1.34 (0.46–3.85)	-
Schooling			0.733		0.816
9 years or more	26 (36.1)	17 (65.4)		34.6 (17.5–52.5)		1.00	-
8 years or less	42 (58.3)	24 (57.1)		42.9 (27.8–57.1)		0.82 (0.44–1.52)	-
No information	4 (5.6)	2 (50.0)		50.0 (5.8–84.5)		0.85 (0.20–3.68)	-
Race			0.629		0.355
White	62 (86.1)	36 (58.1)		41.9 (29.6–53.8)		1.00	-
Others	8 (11.1)	6 (75.0)		25.0 (3.7–55.8)		1.87 (0.78–4.45)	-
No information	2 (2.8)	1 (50.0)		50.0 (0.6–91.0)		1.01 (0.14–7.34)	-
Marital status			0.450		0.193
With partner	46 (63.9)	25 (54.4)		45.7 (31.0–59.2)		1.00	-
No partner	22 (30.6)	15 (68.2)		31.8 (14.2–51.1)		1.49 (0.78–2.82)	-
No information	4 (5.6)	3 (75.0)		25.0 (0.9–66.5)		2.55 (0.76–8.50)	-
Extension of disease			0.573		0.492
Localized	11 (15.3)	5 (45.5)		54.6 (22.9–78.0)		1.00	-
Metastatic	43 (59.7)	27 (62.8)		37.2 (23.1–51.3)		1.77 (0.68–4.59)	-
No information	18 (25.0)	11 (61.1)		38.9 (17.5–60.0)		1.70 (0.59–4.89)	-
Year of diagnosis			0.324		0.628
2008	14 (19.4)	11 (78.6)		21.4 (5.2–44.8)		1.00	-
2009	21 (29.2)	12 (57.1)		42.9 (21.9–62.3)		0.67 (0.30–1.53)	-
2010	11 (15.3)	7 (63.6)		36.4 (11.2–62.7)		0.76 (0.29–1.95)	-
2011	13 (18.1)	5 (38.5)		61.5 (30.8–81.8)		0.36 (0.12–1.04)	-
2012	13 (18.1)	8 (61.5)		38.5 (14.1–62.8)		0.67 (0.27–1.67)	-
Nasopharyngeal cancer (C11)
Sex			0.386		0.499
Female	8 (33.3)	3 (37.5)		62.5 (22.9–86.1)		1.00	-
Male	16 (66.7)	9 (56.3)		43.8 (19.8–65.6)		1.56 (0.42–5.91)	-
Age group			0.050		0.062
65 years or less	16 (66.7)	8 (50.0)		100.0		1.00	-
66 years or older	8 (33.3)	8 (50.0)		25.0 (0.9–66.5)		1.29 (0.39–4.29)	-
Schooling			1.000		0.996
9 years or more	12 (50.0)	6 (50.0)		50.0 (20.9–73.6)		1.00	-
8 years or less	10 (41.7)	5 (50.0)		50.0 (18.4–75.3)		1.06 (0.32–3.46)	-
No information	2 (8.3)	1 (50.0)		50.0 (0.6–91.0)		1.01 (0.12–8.45)	-
Race			0.307		0.398
White	23 (95.8)	12 (52.2)		47.8 (26.8–66.1)		-
Others	1 (4.2)	-		-		-
Marital status			0.231		0.312
With partner	12 (50.0)	4 (33.3)		66.7 (33.7–86.0)		1.00	-
No partner	10 (41.7)	7 (70.0)		30.0 (7.1–57.8)		2.52 (0.74–8.64)	-
No information	2 (8.3)	1 (50.0)		50.0 (0.6–91.0)		1.80 (0.18–14.42)	-
Extension of disease			0.865		0.869
Localized	5 (20.8)	2 (40.0)		60.0 (12.6–88.2)		1.00	-
Metastatic	11 (45.8)	6 (54.6)		45.5 (16.7–70.7)		1.54 (0.31–7.66)	-
No information	8 (33.4)	4 (50.0)		50.0 (15.2–77.5)		1.34 (0.25–7.35)	-
Year of diagnosis			0.525		0.601
2008	6 (25.0)	4 (66.7)		33.3 (4.6–67.6)		1.00	-
2009	5 (20.8)	3 (60.0)		40.0 (5.2–75.3)		0.85 (0.19–3.80)	-
2010	8 (33.3)	4 (50.0)		50.0 (15.2–77.5)		0.54 (0.14–2.18)	-
2011	2 (8.3)	-		100.0		-	-
2012	3 (12.5)	1 (33.3)		66.7 (5.4–94.5)		0.44 (0.05–3.99)	-
Laryngeal cancer (C32)
Sex			0.385		0.352
Female	16 (18.2)	5 (31.3)		68.8 (40.5–85.6)		1.00	-
Male	72 (81.8)	31 (43.1)		56.9 (44.7–67.4)		1.56 (0.61–4.01)	-
Age group			0.430		0.434
49 years or younger	11 (12.5)	2 (18.2)		81.8 (44.7–95.1)		1.00	-
50 to 59 years	33 (37.5)	14 (42.4)		57.6 (39.1–72.3)		2.94 (0.67–12.95)	-
60 to 69 years	22 (25.0)	10 (45.5)		54.6 (32.1–72.4)		3.23 (0.71–14.73)	-
70 years or older	22 (25.0)	10 (45.5)		54.6 (32.1–72.4)		3.18 (0.70–14.54)	-
Schooling			0.529		0.599
9 years or more	43 (48.9)	15 (34.9)		65.1 (49.0–77.3)		1.00	-
8 years or less	34 (38.6)	16 (47.1)		52.9 (35.1–68.0)		1.47 (0.73–2.98)	-
No information	11 (12.5)	5 (45.5)		54.6 (22.9–78.0)		-	-
Race			0.529		0.974
White	78 (88.6)	32 (41.0)		59.0 (47.3–68.9)		1.00	-
Others	7 (8.0)	3 (42.9)		57.1 (17.2–83.7)		1.44 (0.44–4.73)	-
No information	3 (3.4)	1 (33.3)		66.7 (5.4–94.5)		-	-
Marital status			0.924		0.924
With partner	54 (61.4)	22 (40.7)		59.3 (45.0–71.0)		1.00	-
No partner	23 (26.1)	10 (43.5)		56.5 (34.3–73.8)		1.04 (0.49–2.22)	-
No information	11 (12.5)	4 (36.4)		63.6 (29.7–84.5)		-	-
Extension of disease			0.005		0.004
Localized	31 (35.2)	7 (22.6)		77.4 (58.4–88.5)		1.00	-
Metastatic	28 (31.8)	18 (64.3)		35.7 (18.9–53.0)		3.79 (1.58–9.08)	-
No information	29 (33.0)	11 (40.9)		62.1 (42.1–76.9)		1.77 (0.69–4.57)	-
Year of diagnosis			0.337		0.383
2008	15 (17.1)	8 (53.3)		46.7 (21.2–68.8)		1.00	-
2009	16 (18.2)	5 (31.3)		68.8 (40.5–85.6)		0.50 (0.16–1.54)	-
2010	22 (25.0)	11 (50.0)		50.0 (28.2–68.4)		0.83 (0.33–2.06)	-
2011	18 (20.5)	8 (44.4)		55.6 (30.5–74.8)		0.65 (0.24–1.72)	-
2012	17 (19.3)	4 (23.5)		76.5 (48.8–90.5)		0.34 (0.10–1.14)	-
Cancer of the Trachea, Bronchi and Lungs (C33-C34) ^d
Sex			0.038		0.044
Female	199 (37.8)	144 (72.4)		27.6 (21.6–34.0)		1.00	1.00
Male	328 (62.2)	263 (80.2)		19.8 (15.7–24.3)		1.23 (1.01–1.51)	1.19 (0.97–1.46)
age group			0.080		0.018
49 years or younger	42 (8.0)	31 (73.8)		26.2 (14.1–40.0)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	117 (22.2)	81 (69.2)		30.8 (22.7–39.2)		0.96 (0.63–1.45)	0.96 (0.63–1.46)
60 to 69 years	166 (31.6)	132 (79.5)		20.5 (14.7–26.9)		1.27 (0.86–1.88)	1.18 (0.80–1.75)
70 years or older	201 (38.2)	163 (81.1)		18.9 (13.8–24.6)		1.42 (0.97–2.09)	1.34 (0.92–1.98)
Schooling			0.258		0.013
9 years or more	241 (45.7)	179 (74.3)		25.7 (20.4–31.4)		1.00	1.00
8 years or less	227 (43.1)	183 (80.6)		19.4 (14.5–24.8)		1.36 (1.11–1.67)	1.29 (1.05–1.59)
No information	59 (11.2)	45 (77.2)		23.7 (13.9–35.1)		1.10 (0.79–1.52)	1.29 (0.93–1.81)
Race			0.617		0.445
White	478 (90.7)	368 (77.0)		23.0 (19.4–26.9)		1.00	-
Others	26 (4.9)	22 (84.6)		15.4 (4.8–31.5)		1.29 (0.84–1.98)	-
No information	23 (4.4)	17 (73.9)		26.1 (10.6–44.7)		0.89 (0.55–1.45)	-
Marital status			0.637		0.692
With partner	309 (58.6)	243 (78.6)		21.4 (17.0–26.1)		1.00	-
No partner	168 (31.9)	127 (75.6)		24.4 (18.2–31.1)		0.99 (0.80–1.23)	-
No information	50 (9.5)	37 (74.0)		26.0 (14.9–38.6)		0.86 (0.61–1.22)	-
Extension of disease			< 0.001		< 0.001
Localized	60 (11.4)	36 (60.0)		40.0 (27.7–52.0)		1.00	1.00
Metastatic	302 (57.3)	254 (84.1)		15.9 (12.0–20.3)		2.06 (1.45–2.92)	2.14 (1.40–2.85)
No information	165 (31.3)	117 (70.9)		29.1 (22.4–36.1)		1.34 (0.92–1.94)	1.38 (0.90–1.91)
Year of diagnosis			0.487		0.503
2008	93 (17.7)	72 (77.4)		22.6 (14.7–31.5)		1.00	-
2009	112 (21.3)	92 (82.1)		17.9 (11.4–25.5)		1.17 (0.86–1.59)	-
2010	105 (19.9)	77 (73.3)		26.7 (18.6–35.4)		0.93 (0.68–1.29)	-
2011	102 (19.4)	81 (79.4)		20.6 (13.4–28.9)		1.18 (0.86–1.62)	-
2012	115 (21.8)	85 (73.9)		26.1 (18.5–34.3)		1.03 (0.76–1.42)	-

Variables	n (%)	Deaths	p^a	S(t) (95%CI)	p^b	HR (95%CI)	Adjusted HR (95%CI)

		n (%)
Esophageal cancer (C15) ^c
Sex			0.140		0.127
Female	22 (21.0)	12 (54.6)		45.5 (24.4–64.3)		1.00	1.00
Male	83 (79.1)	59 (71.1)		28.9 (19.6–38.9)		1.62 (0.87–3.01)	1.64 (0.82–3.28)
Age group			0.577		0.351
49 years or younger	9 (8.6)	7 (77.8)		22.2 (3.4–51.3)		1.00	-
50 to 59 years	39 (37.1)	28 (71.8)		28.2 (15.3–42.7)		0.64 (0.28–1.48)	-
60 to 69 years	24 (32.4)	20 (58.8)		41.2 (24.8–56.9)		0.47 (0.20–1.12)	-
70 years or older	23 (21.9)	16 (69.6)		30.4 (13.5–49.3)		0.67 (0.28–1.64)	-
Schooling			0.457		0.486
9 years or more	31 (29.5)	21 (67.7)		32.3 (16.9–48.6)		1.00	-
8 years or less	56 (53.3)	40 (71.4)		28.6 (17.5–40.7)		1.34 (0.79–2.27)	-
No information	18 (17.1)	10 (55.6)		44.4 (21.6–65.1)		1.01 (0.47–2.14)	-
Race			0.015		0.002
White	83 (79.1)	54 (65.1)		34.9 (24.9–45.1)		1.00	1.00
Others	16 (15.2)	15 (93.8)		6.3 (0.4–24.7)		2.54 (1.42–4.56)	2.50 (1.27–4.90)
No information	6 (5.7)	2 (33.3)		66.7 (19.5–90.4)		0.43 (0.10–1.76)	0.57 (0.09–3.35)
Marital status			0.073		0.074
With partner	64 (61.0)	44 (68.8)		31.3 (20.4–42.7)		1.00	1.00
No partner	27 (25.7)	21 (77.8)		22.2 (9.0–39.0)		1.52 (0.90–2.56)	1.39 (0.80–2.43)
No information	14 (13.3)	6 (42.9)		57.1 (28.4–78.0)		0.57 (0.24–1.35)	1.26 (0.38–4.17)
Extension of disease			0.009		0.046
Localized	24 (22.9)	13 (54.2)		45.8 (25.6–64.0)		1.00	1.00
Metastatic	37 (35.2)	32 (86.5)		13.5 (4.9–26.4)		1.96 (1.02–3.74)	2.09 (0.91–4.82)
No information	44 (41.9)	26 (59.1)		40.9 (26.5–54.8)		1.14 (0.59–2.22)	1.31 (0.58–2.96)
Year of diagnosis			0.012		0.021
2008	20 (19.1)	9 (45.0)		55.0 (31.3–73.5)		1.00	1.00
2009	18 (17.1)	17 (94.4)		5.6 (0.4–22.4)		3.43 (1.51–7.82)	2.61 (0.96–7.05)
2010	18 (17.1)	10 (55.6)		44.4 (21.6–65.1)		1.32 (0.54–3.25)	1.25 (0.44–3.57)
2011	15 (14.3)	12 (80.0)		20.0 (4.9–42.4)		2.16 (0.91–5.15)	1.67 (0.56–4.94)
2012	34 (32.4)	23 (67.7)		32.4 (17.6–48)		1.72 (0.79–3.71)	1.23 (0.45–3.35)
Stomach cancer (C16) ^d
Sex			0.099		0.094
Female	142 (42.6)	78 (54.9)		45.1 (36.8–53.0)		1.00	1.00
Male	191 (57.4)	122 (63.9)		36.1 (29.4–42.9)		1.27 (0.96–1.69)	1.21 (0.91–1.61)
Age group			< 0.001		< 0.001
59 years or younger	125 (37.5)	54 (43.2)		56.8 (47.7–64.9)		1.00	1.00
60 years or older	208 (62.5)	146 (70.2)		29.8 (23.7–36.1)		2.18 (1.59–2.98)	2.22 (1.62–3.03)
Schooling			0.214		0.229
9 years or more	121 (36.3)	71 (58.7)		41.3 (32.5–49.9)		1.00	-
8 years or less	182 (54.7)	115 (63.2)		36.8 (29.9–43.8)		1.18 (0.88–1.59)	-
No information	30 (9.0)	14 (46.7)		53.3 (34.3–69.1)		0.78 (0.44–1.38)	-
Race			0.229		0.277
White	293 (88.0)	177 (60.4)		39.6 (34.0–45.1)		1.00	-
Others	29 (8.7)	19 (65.5)		34.5 (18.2–51.5)		1.18 (0.74–1.90)	-
No information	11 (3.3)	4 (36.4)		63.6 (29.7–84.5)		0.50 (0.18–1.34)	-
Marital status			0.195		0.215
With partner	209 (62.8)	124 (59.3)		40.7 (34.0–47.2)		1.00	-
No partner	98 (29.4)	64 (65.3)		34.7 (25.5–44.1)		1.16 (0.86–1.57)	-
No information	26 (7.8)	12 (46.2)		53.9 (33.3–70.6)		0.21 (0.38–1.24)	-
Extension of disease			< 0.001		0.002
Localized	54 (16.2)	20 (37)		63.0 (48.7–74.3)		1.00	1.00
Metastatic	135 (40.5)	93 (68.9)		31.1 (23.5–39.0)		2.31 (1.42–3.75)	2.39 (1.46–3.88)
No information	144 (43.2)	87 (60.4)		39.6 (31.6–47.5)		2.00 (1.23–3.25)	1.92 (1.18–3.13)
Year of diagnosis			0.594		0.714
2008	55 (16.5)	36 (65.5)		34.6 (22.4–47.0)		1.00	-
2009	54 (16.2)	34 (63.0)		37.0 (24.4–49.7)		0.95 (0.59–1.52)	-
2010	77 (23.1)	42 (54.6)		45.5 (34.1–56.1)		0.76 (0.49–1.19)	-
2011	75 (22.5)	42 (56.0)		44.0 (32.6–54.8)		0.80 (0.51–1.25)	-
2012	72 (21.6)	46 (63.9)		36.1 (25.2–47.1)		0.91 (0.59–1.40)	-
Colon and rectal cancer (C18-21) ^e
Sex			0.742		0.906
Female	403 (49.6)	142 (35.2)		64.8 (59.9–69.2)		1.00	-
Male	410 (50.4)	149 (36.3)		63.7 (58.8–68.1)		1.01 (0.81–1.28)	-
Age group			< 0.001		< 0.001
49 years or younger	157 (19.3)	41 (26.1)		73.9 (66.3–80.0)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	186 (22.9)	50 (26.9)		73.1 (66.1–78.9)		1.01 (0.67–1.53)	1.17 (0.77–1.78)
60 to 69 years	206 (25.3)	76 (36.9)		63.1 (56.1–69.3)		1.48 (1.02–2.17)	1.61 (1.10–2.37)
70 years or older	264 (32.5)	124 (47.0)		53.0 (46.8–58.8)		2.15 (1.51–3.05)	2.54 (1.77–3.65)
Schooling			< 0.001		< 0.001
9 years or more	443 (54.5)	150 (33.9)		66.1 (61.5–70.3)		1.00	1.00
8 years or less	254 (31.2)	117 (46.1)		53.9 (47.6–59.8)		1.48 (1.17–1.89)	1.29 (1.01–1.66)
No information	116 (14.3)	24 (20.7)		79.3 (70.7–85.6)		0.58 (0.38–0.89)	0.64 (0.32–1.29)
Race			0.028		0.045
White	703 (86.5)	262 (37.3)		62.7 (59.0–66.2)		1.00	1.00
Others	43 (5.3)	15 (34.9)		65.1 (49.0–77.3)		0.95 (0.56–1.60)	1.05 (0.62–1.80)
No information	67 (8.2)	14 (20.9)		79.1 (67.3–87.1)		0.51 (0.30–0.88)	1.32 (0.60–2.91)
Marital status			< 0.001		< 0.001
With partner	436 (53.6)	150 (34.4)		65.6 (60.9–69.9)		1.00	1.00
No partner	268 (33.0)	117 (43.7)		56.3 (50.2–62.0)		1.41 (1.11–1.80)	1.33 (1.05–1.71)
No information	109 (13.4)	24 (22.0)		78.0 (69.0–84.7)		0.62 (0.40–0.95)	0.80 (0.38–1.66)
Extension of disease			< 0.001		< 0.001
In situ	31 (3.8)	5 (16.1)		83.9 (65.5–93.0)		1.00	1.00
Localized	175 (21.5)	39 (22.3)		77.7 (70.8–83.2)		1.42 (0.56–3.61)	1.23 (0.49–3.16)
Metastatic	297 (36.5)	158 (53.2)		46.8 (41.0–52.4)		4.13 (1.69–10.06)	4.74 (1.92–11.66)
No information	310 (38.1)	89 (28.7)		71.3 (65.9–76.0)		1.94 (0.79–4.78)	1.95 (0.78–4.83)
Year of diagnosis			0.008		0.005
2008	136 (16.7)	48 (35.3)		64.7 (56.1–72.1)		1.00	1.00
2009	176 (21.7)	55 (31.3)		68.8 (61.3–75.0)		0.85 (0.58–1.25)	0.50 (0.33–0.75)
2010	165 (20.3)	73 (44.2)		55.8 (47.9–63.0)		1.37 (0.95–1.97)	0.79 (0.53–1.18)
2011	148 (18.2)	62 (41.9)		58.1 (49.7–65.6)		1.20 (0.82–1.75)	0.55 (0.36–0.84)
2012	188 (23.1)	53 (28.2)		71.8 (64.8–77.7)		0.75 (0.51–1.11)	0.38 (0.25–0.59)
Liver cancer (C22) ^f
Sex			0.727		0.407
Female	29 (28.2)	24 (82.8)		17.2 (6.3–32.7)		1.00	-
Male	74 (71.8)	59 (79.7)		20.3 (12.0–30.0)		0.82 (0.51–1.32)	-
Age group			0.022		0.182
49 years or younger	18 (17.5)	10 (55.6)		44.4 (21.6–65.1)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	25 (24.3)	23 (92.0)		8.0 (1.4–22.5)		2.04 (0.97–4.31)	1.84 (0.86–3.94)
60 to 69 years	23 (22.3)	19 (82.6)		17.4 (5.4–35.0)		1.79 (0.83–3.86)	1.77 (0.82–3.82)
70 years or older	37 (35.9)	31 (83.8)		16.2 (6.6–29.6)		2.14 (1.05–4.38)	2.19 (1.06–4.53)
Schooling			0.579		0.678
9 years or more	53 (51.4)	41 (77.4)		22.6 (12.5–34.6)		1.00	-
8 years or less	36 (35.0)	31 (86.1)		13.9 (5.1–27.1)		1.23 (0.77–1.96)	-
No information	14 (13.6)	11 (78.6)		21.4 (5.2–44.8)		1.07 (0.55–2.09)	-
Race			0.606		0.010
White	94 (91.3)	75 (79.8)		20.2 (12.8–28.8)		1.00	1.00
Others	4 (3.8)	4 (100.0)		-		4.33 (1.53–12.26)	4.11 (1.40–12.07)
No information	5 (4.9)	4 (80.0)		20 (0.8–58.2)		1.07 (0.39–2.94)	0.85 (0.30–2.44)
Marital status			0.529		0.507
With partner	54 (52.4)	44 (81.5)		18.5 (9.5–29.8)		1.00	-
No partner	36 (35.0)	30 (83.3)		16.7 (6.8–30.4)		1.15 (0.72–1.83)	-
No information	13 (12.6)	9 (69.2)		30.8 (9.5–55.4)		0.74 (0.36–1.52)	-
Extension of disease			0.284		0.746
Localized	11 (10.7)	7 (63.6)		36.4 (11.2–62.7)		1.00	-
Metastatic	40 (38.8)	34 (85.0)		15.0 (6.1–27.6)		1.33 (0.59–3.00)	-
No information	52 (50.5)	42 (80.8)		19.2 (9.9–30.9)		1.36 (0.61–3.03)	-
Year of diagnosis			0.212		0.203
2008	25 (24.2)	18 (72.0)		28.0 (12.4–46)		1.00	-
2009	19 (18.4)	14 (73.7)		26.3 (9.6–46.8)		1.01 (0.50–2.03)	-
2010	22 (21.4)	21 (95.5)		4.6 (0.3–18.9)		1.84 (0.98–3.47)	-
2011	15 (14.6)	11 (73.3)		26.7 (8.3–49.6)		1.05 (0.50–2.23)	-
2012	22 (21.4)	19 (86.4)		13.6 (3.4–30.9)		1.57 (0.82–3.00)	-
Pancreatic cancer (C25) ^f
Sex			0.642		0.293
Female	62 (55.4)	54 (87.1)		12.9 (6.0–22.5)		1.00	-
Male	50 (44.6)	42 (85.0)		16.0 (7.5–27.4)		0.81 (0.54–1.21)	-
Age group			0.340		0.072
49 years or younger	10 (8.9)	7 (70.0)		30.0 (7.1–57.8)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	24 (21.4)	20 (83.3)		16.7 (5.2–33.7)		1.30 (0.55–3.08)	1.19 (0.49–2.87)
60 to 69 years	24 (21.4)	20 (83.3)		16.7 (5.2–33.7)		1.21 (0.51–2.85)	1.19 (0.50–2.82)
70 years or older	54 (48.2)	49 (90.7)		9.3 (3.4–18.7)		2.05 (0.93–4.54)	1.91 (0.85–4.29)
Schooling			0.057		0.467
9 years or more	50 (44.6)	46 (92.0)		8.0 (2.6–17.5)		1.00	-
8 years or less	54 (48.2)	42 (77.8)		22.2 (12.3–34)		0.79 (0.52–1.20)	-
No information	8 (7.2)	8 (100.0)		–		0.73 (0.34–1.54)	-
Race			0.236		0.638
White	97 (86.6)	81 (83.5)		16.5 (9.9–24.5)		1.00	-
Others	10 (8.9)	10 (100.0)		–		1.35 (0.70–2.62)	-
No information	5 (4.5)	5 (100.0)		–		0.89 (0.36–2.21)	-
Marital status			0.987		0.623
With partner	65 (58.0)	56 (86.2)		13.9 (6.8–23.3)		1.00	-
No partner	40 (35.7)	34 (85.0)		15.0 (6.1–27.6)		1.23 (0.80–1.88)	-
No information	7 (6.3)	6 (85.7)		14.3 (0.7–46.5)		0.97 (0.42–2.24)	-
Extension of disease			0.638		0.172
Localized	8 (7.1)	7 (87.5)		12.5 (0.7–42.3)		1.00	1.00
Metastatic	73 (65.2)	64 (87.7)		12.3 (6.1–21.0)		1.75 (0.80–3.82)	1.48 (0.67–3.45)
No information	31 (27.7)	25 (80.7)		19.4 (7.9–34.6)		1.24 (0.54–2.87)	0.87 (0.45–2.59)
Year of diagnosis			0.764		0.885
2008	14 (12.5)	12 (85.7)		14.3 (2.3–36.6)		1.00	-
2009	21 (18.8)	19 (90.5)		9.5 (1.6–26.1)		1.15 (0.56–2.37)	-
2010	28 (25.0)	25 (89.3)		10.7 (2.7–25.1)		1.09 (0.55–2.17)	-
2011	28 (25.0)	22 (78.6)		21.4 (8.7–37.8)		0.85 (0.42–1.72)	-
2012	21 (18.8)	18 (85.7)		14.3 (3.6–32.1)		1.06 (0.51–2.21)	-

Variables	n (%)	Deaths	p^a	S(t) (95%CI)	p^b	HR (95%CI)	Adjusted HR (95%CI)

		n (%)
Kidney cancer (C64-C66) ^c
Sex			0.421		0.441
Female	71 (40.1)	15 (21.1)		78.9 (67.4–86.7)		1.00	-
Male	106 (59.9)	28 (26.4)		73.6 (64.1–80.9)		1.28 (0.68–2.39)	-
Age group			0.011		0.010
49 years or younger	31 (17.5)	3 (9.7)		90.3 (72.9–96.8)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	51 (28.8)	9 (17.7)		82.4 (68.8–90.4)		1.89 (0.51–6.99)	1.54 (0.40–5.96)
60 to 69 years	62 (35.0)	17 (27.4)		72.6 (59.7–82.0)		3.12 (0.92–10.66)	2.57 (0.73–9.12)
70 years or older	33 (18.6)	14 (42.4)		57.6 (39.1–72.3)		5.33 (1.53–18.55)	3.77 (1.01–14.06)
Schooling			0.129		0.158
9 years or more	91 (51.4)	24 (26.4)		73.6 (63.3–81.5)		1.00	1.00
8 years or less	51 (28.8)	15 (29.4)		70.6 (56.0–81.1)		1.19 (0.62–2.26)	1.06 (0.54–2.07)
No information	35 (19.8)	4 (11.4)		88.6 (72.4–95.6)		0.42 (0.15–1.21)	0.94 (0.20–4.48)
Race			0.023		0.020
White	152 (85.8)	38 (25.0)		75.0 (67.3–81.1)		1.00	1.00
Others	7 (4.0)	4 (57.1)		42.9 (9.8–73.4)		2.77 (0.99–7.78)	3.69 (1.20–11.29)
No information	18 (10.2)	1 (5.6)		94.4 (66.6–99.2)		0.20 (0.03–1.49)	0.40 (0.04–3.60)
Marital status			0.061		0.073
With partner	92 (52.0)	23 (25.0)		75.0 (64.8–82.6)		1.00	1.00
No partner	44 (24.9)	15 (34.1)		65.9 (50.0–77.9)		1.45 (0.76–2.78)	1.57 (0.80–3.12)
No information	41 (23.8)	5 (12.2)		87.8 (73.2–94.7)		0.47 (0.18–1.23)	0.96 (0.24–3.87)
Extension of disease			< 0.001		< 0.001
Localized	33 (18.6)	6 (18.2)		81.8 (63.9–91.4)		1.00	1.00
Metastatic	45 (25.4)	22 (48.9)		51.1 (35.8–64.5)		3.36 (1.36–8.29)	1.99 (0.75–5.29)
No information	99 (55.9)	15 (15.2)		84.9 (76.1–90.6)		0.81 (0.31–2.07)	0.57 (0.20–1.56)
Year of diagnosis			0.956		0.969
2008	37 (20.9)	8 (21.6)		78.4 (61.4–88.6)		1.00	-
2009	34 (19.2)	9 (26.5)		73.5 (55.3–85.3)		1.31 (0.50–3.39)	-
2010	49 (27.7)	13 (26.5)		73.5 (58.7–83.6)		1.22 (0.51–2.95)	-
2011	34 (19.2)	7 (20.6)		79.4 (61.6–89.6)		0.99 (0.36–2.73)	-
2012	23 (13.0)	6 (26.1)		73.9 (50.9–87.3)		1.24 (0.43–3.56)	-
Bladder cancer (C67) ^d
Sex			0.938		0.987
Female	73 (25.9)	22 (30.1)		69.9 (57.9–79.0)		1.00	-
Male	209 (74.1)	64 (30.6)		69.4 (62.6–75.1)		1.00 (0.62–1.63)	-
Age group			0.001		< 0.002
49 years or younger	25 (8.9)	2 (8.0)		92.0 (71.6–97.9)		1.00	1.00
50 to 59 years	55 (19.5)	12 (21.8)		78.2 (64.8–87.0)		2.85 (0.64–12.75)	3.00 (0.66–13.52)
60 to 69 years	71 (25.2)	17 (23.9)		76.1 (64.3–84.4)		3.21 (0.74–13.90)	3.25 (0.74–14.19)
270 years or older	131 (46.5)	55 (42.0)		58.0 (49.1–65.9)		6.22 (1.52–25.51)	6.19 (1.49–25.82)
Schooling			0.131		0.134
9 years or more	115 (40.8)	35 (30.4)		69.6 (60.3–77.1)		1.00	1.00
8 years or less	109 (38.7)	39 (35.8)		64.2 (54.5–72.4)		1.24 (0.79–1.96)	1.09 (0.68–1.73)
No information	58 (20.6)	12 (20.7)		79.3 (66.5–87.7)		0.65 (0.34–1.26)	0.89 (0.36–2.19)
Race			0.129		0.164
White	237 (84.0)	78 (32.9)		67.1 (60.7–72.7)		1.00	1.00
Others	12 (4.3)	2 (16.7)		83.3 (48.2–95.6)		0.47 (0.11–1.90)	0.65 (0.16–2.68)
No information	33 (11.7)	6 (18.2)		81.8 (63.9–91.4)		0.51 (0.22–1.18)	0.85 (0.27–2.68)
Marital status			0.368		0.256
With partner	151 (53.6)	45 (29.8)		70.2 (62.2–76.8)		1.00	-
No partner	78 (27.7)	28 (35.9)		64.1 (52.4–73.6)		1.36 (0.85–2.18)	-
No information	53 (18.8)	13 (24.5)		75.5 (61.5–85.0)		0.83 (0.45–1.54)	-
Extension of disease			< 0.001		< 0.001
In situ	17 (6.0)	5 (29.4)		70.6 (43.2–86.6)		1.00	1.00
Localized	95 (33.7)	19 (20.0)		80.0 (70.5–86.7)		0.66 (0.25–1.78)	0.59 (0.22–1.58)
Metastatic	36 (12.8)	22 (61.1)		38.9 (23.3–54.2)		2.79 (1.06–7.37)	2.38 (0.89–6.33)
No information	134 (47.5)	40 (29.9)		70.2 (61.6–77.1)		1.05 (0.41–2.66)	1.00 (0.39–2.56)
Year of diagnosis			0.567		0.605
2008	67 (23.8)	16 (23.9)		76.1 (64.0–84.6)		1.00	-
2009	58 (20.6)	20 (34.5)		65.5 (51.8–76.2)		1.53 (0.79–2.96)	-
2010	54 (19.2)	18 (33.3)		66.7 (52.4–77.5)		1.44 (0.74–2.83)	-
2011	54 (19.2)	19 (35.2)		64.8 (50.6–75.9)		1.57 (0.81–3.05)	-
2012	49 (17.4)	13 (26.5)		73.5 (58.7–83.6)		1.13 (0.54–2.34)	-
Acute myeloid leukemia (C92.0)
Sex			0.934		0.819
Female	15 (53.6)	9 (60.0)		40.0 (16.5–62.8)		1.00
Male	13 (46.4)	8 (61.5)		38.5 (14.1–62.8)		1.12 (0.43–2.90)	-
Age group			0.247		0.205
65 years or less	15 (55.6)	8 (53.3)		46.7 (21.2–68.8)		1.00
66 years or older	12 (44.4)	9 (75.0)		25.0 (6.0–50.5)		1.84 (0.71–4.81)	-
Schooling			0.010		0.015
9 years or more	16 (57.1)	13 (81.3)		18.8 (4.6–40.3)		1.00
8 years or less	7 (25.0)	1 (14.3)		85.7 (33.4–97.9)		0.09 (0.01–0.72)	-
No information	5 (17.9)	3 (60.0)		40.0 (5.2–75.3)		0.45 (0.12–1.61)	-
Race			0.444		0.432
White	24 (85.7)	14 (62.5)		37.5 (19.0–56.0)		1.00
Others	1 (3.6)	1 (100.0)		-		1.96 (0.25–15.37)	-
No information	3 (10.7)	1 (33.3)		66.7 (5.4–94.5)		0.35 (0.05–2.64)	-
Marital status			0.819		0.827
With partner	12 (42.9)	8 (66.7)		33.3 (10.3–58.8)		1.00
No partner	12 (42.9)	7 (58.3)		41.7 (15.3–66.5)		0.82 (0.30–2.27)	-
No information	4 (14.3)	2 (50.0)		50.0 (5.8–84.5)		0.63 (0.13–3.01)	-
Year of diagnosis			0.584		0.714
2008	4 (14.3)	2 (50.0)		50.0 (5.8–84.5)		1.00	-
2009	5 (17.9)	4 (80.0)		20.0 (0.8–58.2)		1.62 (0.30–8.90)	-
2010	6 (21.4)	3 (50.0)		50.0 (11.1–80.4)		0.72 (0.12–4.34)	-
2011	8 (28.6)	6 (75.0)		25.0 (3.7–55.8)		1.40 (0.28–6.96)	-
2012	5 (17.9)	2 (40.0)		60.0 (12.6–88.2)		0.65 (0.09–4.62)	-

vertical_align_top file_download show_chart

more_horizclose
- image
- translate
- link
- article
- vertical_align_top
- file_download
- show_chart
- image
- translate
- link
- article

location_on

Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel./Fax: +55 11 3061-7985 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revsp@usp.br

rss_feed Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

[TFN1] ^a p-value of the chi-square.

[TFN2] ^b p-value of the Log-rank test.

[TFN3] S(t): probability of survival as a function of time; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.