Accidental falls in middle-aged women

Stolt, Lígia Raquel Ortiz Gomes; Kolish, Daniel Vieira; Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves; Tanaka, Clarice; Vasconcelos, Erika Flauzino Silva; Pereira, Elaine Cristina; Dellú, Máyra Cecilia; Pereira, Wendry Maria Paixão; Aldrighi, José Mendes; Schmitt, Ana Carolina Basso

doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002579

Brasil

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Original Article • Rev. Saúde Pública 54 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002579 linkcopy

Accidental falls in middle-aged women

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of accidental falls in women and to identify possible associations of sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables with falls, in 2007 and 2014.

METHODS Two cross-sectional studies were performed, in 2007 and 2014, within the Projeto de Saúde de Pindamonhangaba (PROSAPIN – Pindamonhangaba Health Project), with women aged between 35 to 75 years. Probabilistic samples were selected among women living in the municipality and participating in the Health Family Strategy. Data collection included: face-to-face interview, anthropometric examination and blood test. The outcome variable “have you fallen in the last six months?” was raised during the interview. The prevalence of falls in 2007 and 2014 were estimated by score with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to identify the association of independent variables with the occurrence of falls for each year based on the odds ratio (OR). We used the Stata 14.0 software for statistical analysis.

RESULTS The prevalence of accidental falls were: 17.6% (95%CI 14.9–20.5) in 2007 and 17.2% (95%CI 14.8–19.8) in 2014. In 2007, factors associated with falls were: aged 50–64 years (OR = 1.81; 95%CI 1.17–2.80), high school (OR = 1.76; 95%CI 1.06–2.93), hyperuricemia (OR = 3.74; 95%CI 2.17–6.44), depression (OR = 2.07; 95%CI 1.31–3.27), poor sleep (OR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.12–2.82) and daytime sleepiness (OR = 1.86; 95%CI 1.16–2.99). In 2014, they were: aged 50–64 years (OR = 1.64; 95%CI 1.04–2.58), hyperuricemia (OR = 1.91; 95%CI 1.07–3.43) and depression (OR = 1.56; 95%CI 1.02–2.38), plus metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.60; 95%CI 1.03–2.47) and musculoskeletal pain (OR = 1.81; 95%CI 1.03–3.18).

CONCLUSIONS Falls occur significantly in women aged 50 years or over, indicating that they are not restricted to older adults and that there is a need to initiate preventive measures earlier. Both studies showed similar magnitudes of occurrence of accidental falls and reinforced their multifactorial nature. In addition, hyperuricemia may be a potential new factor associated with falls.

Women; Fall Accidents; External Causes; Epidemiology; Prevalence

Sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables	n (%)	OR 2007			Adjusted OR 2007
Sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables	n (%)	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p
Age ^a (years):
30–49	62 (13.8)	Ref.	-	-	Ref.	-	-
50–64	68 (23.8)	1.94	1.32–2.84	0.001	1.81	1.17–2.80	0.008
65–75	1 (9.1)	0.62	0.07–4.94	0.654	-	-	-
Education ^b
Literacy, elementary or adult education	86 (15.9)	Ref.	-	-	Ref.	-	-
High school	30 (20.1)	1.33	0.83–2.11	0.225	1.76	1.06–2.93	0.029
Bachelor’s degree or postgraduate studies	6 (42.9)	3.95	1.34–11.70	0.013	-	-	-
Hyperuricemia	33 (41.3)	3.90	2.37–6.40	<0.001	3.74	2.17–6.44	< 0.001
Depression	69 (27.4)	2.63	1.79–3.86	<0.001	2.07	1.31–3.27	0.002
Metabolic syndrome	54 (20.1)	1.72	1.06–2.78	0.027	-	-	-
Poor sleep	83 (24.7)	2.47	1.67–3.65	<0.001	1.78	1.12–2.82	0.014
Daytime sleepiness	45 (26.2)	2.01	1.33–3.02	0.001	1.86	1.16–2.99	0.010

Sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables	n (%)	OR 2014			Adjusted OR 2014
Sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables	n (%)	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p
Age ^a (years)
30–49	48 (12.8)	Ref.	-	-	Ref.	-	-
50–64	92 (20.7)	1.79	1.22– 2.61	0.003	1.64	1.04– 2.58	0.033
65–75	13 (18.6)	1.56	0.79–3.06	0.197	-	-	-
Education ^b
Literacy, elementary or adult education	109 (18.4)	Ref.	-	-	-	-	-
High school	22 (11.1)	0.55	0.33– 0.90	0.017	-	-	-
Bachelor’s degree or postgraduate studies	9 (18.8)	1.02	0.48– 2.16	0.958	-	-	-
Hyperuricemia	26 (28.9)	2.18	1.33– 3.57	0.002	1.91	1.07– 3.43	0.030
Depression	92 (20.9)	1.69	1.18– 2.40	0.004	1.56	1.02– 2.38	0.042
Metabolic syndrome	81 (21.9)	1.78	1.18– 2.69	0.006	1.60	1.03– 2.47	0.035
Musculoskeletal pain	127 (19.0)	1.77	1.13– 2.78	0.013	1.81	1.03– 3.18	0.040
Poor sleep	46 (18.5)	1.13	0.77– 1.65	0.527	-	-	-
Daytime sleepiness	37 (17.3)	1.00	0.67– 1.51	0.965	-	-	-

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Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel./Fax: +55 11 3061-7985 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
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Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

[TFN1] OR: odds ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.

[TFN2] Note: Statistical significant values are shown in bold.

[TFN3] Ref.: Reference categories for:

[TFN4] ^a Age (years): Reference category = (30–49).

[TFN5] ^b Education: Reference category = literate, elementary or adult education.

[TFN6] Hyperuricemia, depression, poor sleep, daytime sleepiness, metabolic syndrome and musculoskeletal pain: reference category = absent.